Which is the healthiest, most desired position for delivery?
cephalic presentation
Piaget focused on _______ development.
Cognitive
Erickson agreed with much of Freud's perspectives yet felt that _______ was the key to human development.
psychosocial
Most babies fall into the category of ______ attachment.
secure
What is the main difference between primary and secondary circular reactions?
Bodies and objects
Jeff has just been born. His heart rate, respiration (breathing), and grimace (responsiveness) are normal. He has a bluish tint to his hands and feet, and he shows little spontaneous activity. Which APGAR score is best suited to Jeff’s presentation?
8
object permanence
What is the virtue received in the first stage of Erickson's development?
Hope
According to Thomas and Chess, what are the three styles of temperament in order of commonality?
Easy, slow to warm up, and difficult.
Name three important aspects of primary emotions.
Universal
Survival
Hard wired
Communication
An APGAR score of 9 is ______.
Good; excellent
Piaget's first stage of development, from birth to ~24 months, focuses on _______ development.
Sensorimotor
When we establish a sense of independence in starting and completing tasks, we're reaching the ____________ stage of development (Erickson).
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Phil resists physical touch such as hugs and kisses. He often cries without reason and has irregular sleeping and eating patterns. Which measurement of temperament does Phil express?
Difficult
Diet, drugs, or exposure to industrial chemicals can cause DNA methylation — the addition of a methyl group that can prevent certain genes from being expressed. This event is an example of ______.
epigenetics
Candace is born with soft, fine, unpigmented hair over most of her body. This is ______.
lanugo
Mental frameworks for organizing information, growing in number and complexity as children develop, enabling deeper world understanding.
schemas
Karl seldom takes initiative on expected activities, such as picking up his toys when others are watching. His resentment toward having to do these tasks probably reflects his ______ of not having satisfied this phase of development.
Guilt (Initiative vs Guilt)
Which type of attachment is least predictive?
disorganized
Three important factors in maintaining the health of the pregnant mother are
Maternal nutrition
Maternal Age
Maternal weight gain during pregnancy
Jennifer has recently given birth to a baby girl. She is now having trouble sleeping, loss of appetite, low energy levels, and is having difficulties bonding with her baby. She may be experiencing
postpartum depression
Modifying existing schemas or creating new ones to fit new information.
accommodation
Satisfying the stage of industry vs inferiority, we develop _______ (virtue).
competence
Babies become very upset when their parent leaves and are difficult to comfort upon their return.
anxious
Conrad is an an aging adult, experiencing a decline in his physical abilities (stamina and strength). But he chooses to increase his life experiences through reading and travel. According to Baltes, this redirection is an example of development as _________, resulting in both losses and gains.
Development is multidirectional and results in gains and losses throughout life