Chapter 1
1. What is an exceptional learner?
2. What is special education?
1. Those who require special education services to reach their full potential. Many individuals with disabilities require special education, while some do not.
2. 1. Specifically designed instruction that meets the unusual needs of an exceptional student, such as special materials, techniques, and equipment and/or facilities. 2. Placement in environments closest to the general education classroom in format.
1. What is RTI?
2. What is CBM?
1. Response to intervention. How a student changes (academic performance and behavior) due to the instruction (intervention). How they react.
2. A form of progress monitoring. It involves students' responses to their usual instructional materials.
1. What is justice?
2. What is equity?
1. Broadening students' perspectives by exposing them to different opinions with respect to real-world issues such as sexism, racism, and poverty
2. Everyone gets what they need, not that everyone gets the same thing.
What is Deinstitutionalization ?
1. 1. Breaking down barriers for those with disabilities in activities with nonhandicapped individuals. 2. Deinstitutionalization movement in the 20th century.
What is a disability?
What is a handicap?
1. The inability to do something (an impairment).
2. A disadvantage imposed on the individual.
1. What is IEP?
2. What is LRE?
1. 1. Individualized Education Program. 2. A written individualized education program prepared for each student with a disability (including their long term goals, services, extent of participation in gen ed. classroom, etc.).
2. 1. Least Restrictive Environment. 2. The student is educated with the least restrictive environment consistent with their educational needs and, insofar as possible, with students without disabilities.
1. What is inclusion?
2. What is multicultural education?
1. Being part of a group or collection.
2. an educational construct that addresses cultural diversity, equity in schools, justice, and democracy.
1. What is high-incidence disabilities?
2. What is low-incidence disabilities?
1. frequently occurring, often-invisible conditions like learning disabilities (LD), speech/language impairments, ADHD, mild intellectual disabilities, and emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD).
2. rare, severe, or complex conditions affecting less than 1% of the school-aged population.
What is Prevalence?
1. The percentage of a population or number of individuals having a particular exceptionality.
1. What is FAPE?
2. What is ETR?
1. Free Appropriate Public Education. Every student with a disability has access to public education at no cost to the parents/guardians.
2. Evaluation Team Report. A comprehensive, written document in special education that determines if a student (ages 3–21) has a disability and requires special services.
1. What is diversity?
1. This refers to differences and experiences that occur in a group where on person or experience is different.
1. What is Peer-mediated instruction?
1. Research-based instructional strategies to enhance the integration of students with disabilities.
What is IDEA?
What is ADA?
1. Disabilities Education Act. A primary federal law towards special education.
2. Americans with Disabilities Act. Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in communications (telecommunications), transportation, public accommodations, state and local government, and employment. 2. It protects civil rights.
1. What is Co-teaching?
2. What is cooperative learning?
1. Mutuality and reciprocity in collaborative consultation: a step further. Co-teaching between special education teachers and general education teachers to ensure the best education for all students.
2. An instructional strategy that many proponents of inclusion believe is an effective way to integrate students with disabilities into groups of nondisabled peers.
1. What is an exceptionality group?
1. A group sharing a set of special abilities or disabilities that are especially valued or that require special accommodation within a given subculture.
1. What are screening instruments?
2. What is progress monitoring?
1. To identify certain students who may be at increased risk of school failure.
2. Data is collected regularly. The systematic, ongoing process of collecting, graphing, and analyzing data to measure a student’s academic, behavioral, or functional performance
What is inclusion?
What is normalization?
1. A variety of special service delivery options be available for those with disabilities in the classroom.
2. 1. "Means which are as culturally normative as possible, in order to establish and/or maintain personal behaviors, and characteristics which are culturally normative as possible". 2. Normalization breaks barriers for those with disabilities.
1. What is class wide peer tutoring?
2. What are modifications?
1. When the whole class is involved in the peer tutoring.
2. Takes the form of amended materials or assignments and differ from changes in curricula or instructional strategies.
1. What is the sheltered-English approach?
1. Students receive instruction in English for most of the school day.
1. What are accommodations?
2. What are tiered assignments?
1. Changes in instruction that doesn't significantly change the difficulty of the material.
2. An example of adaptations where a teacher provides choices of varying difficulty for assignments on a single topic.