a full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA is called?
genome
100
This shows a complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size.
a karyotype
100
A male is represented by what in a pedigree?
a square
100
the cystic fibrosis allele is ______________(dominant or recessive) meaning that an individual who is heterozygous for the disorder is not affected by the symptoms.
recessive
100
sickle cell is a disorder caused by a defective allele for what?
hemoglobin
200
how many PAIRS of chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs = 46 total
200
in terms of chromosomes, what makes a male different from a female?
male has XY; female has XX
200
A female is represented by what in a pedigree?
a circle
200
cystic fibrosis is caused by a ____________ of just three bases.
deletion
200
Huntington's disease is caused by a ______________ allele for a protein found in brain cells.
dominant
300
a chart that shows the presence or absence of a trait according to the relationships between parents, siblings, offspring.
pedigree
300
A karyotype is organized by size and what else?
banding pattern
300
a shaded circle or a shaded square represents what in a pedigree?
a person who is affected by the disorder
300
the allele for Huntington's disease contains a long string of bases where the codon CAG is repeated over and over again, more than _________ times.
40
300
sickle cell is still prevalent because heterozygous individuals (carriers) are resistant to what?
malaria
400
The 44 chromosomes of human DNA, not including the ones that determine an individuals sex, are called what?
autosomes
400
these are chromosomes that determine an individuals sex.
Sex chromosomes; X and Y
400
a marriage is represented by what in a pedigree?
a horizontal line
400
what is responsible for the difference in ear wax types?
a single base change form G to A
400
Down syndrome is a result from what?
three copies of chromosome 21
500
because the x an y chromosomes determine sex, the genes located on them show a pattern of inheritance called what?
sex linkage or sex linked inheritance
500
During X inactivation in females, the one X chromosome is broken down and degraded into what?
barr body
500
How is a carrier represented in a pedigree?
a half shaded circle or square
500
When homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis.
nondisjunction
500
What stage of meiosis does nondisjunction occur in?