Chapters 4-6
Raymond, a one-year-old infant, loves breakfast cereal. He picks pieces of the breakfast cereal up between his thumb and forefinger and puts them in his mouth. This is an example of _____.
a. a pincer grasp
b. canalization
c. an ulnar grasp
d. habituation
a. a pincer grasp
In the context of postpartum psychological problems faced by females who gave birth, postpartum psychosis is characterized by _________.
a. severe depression that keeps them from properly caring for the infant
b. disordered sleeping patterns that fail to model proper sleep for an infant
c. delusional thoughts about the infant that place the infant at risk of injury or death
d. intense anxiety that prevents them from emotionally engaging with an infant
c. delusional thoughts about the infant that place the infant at risk of injury or death
Generally speaking, breast milk is considered to be superior to infant formulas by most health professionals.
a. True
b. False
a. True
A major controversy in psychology involves sorting out the influences of heredity and environment. This controversy is known as the _______.
a. active‐passive controversy
b. continuity‐discontinuity controversy
c. nature‐nurture controversy
d. physiological‐psychological controversy
c. nature‐nurture controversy
Which of the following sentences is true about receptive vocabulary and expressive vocabulary?
a. Children’s receptive vocabulary development outpaces their expressive vocabulary development.
b. Children’s receptive vocabulary develops only after their expressive vocabulary is completely developed.
c. Children’s receptive vocabulary is equal to their expressive vocabulary at any given time.
d. Children’s receptive vocabulary is lost if proper reinforcement is not provided, whereas expressive vocabulary is permanent.
a. Children’s receptive vocabulary development outpaces their expressive vocabulary development.
The process in which each pair of chromosomes splits so that one member of each pair moves to the new cell is termed __________.
a. amniocentesis
b. mitosis
c. meiosis
d. mutation
c. Meiosis
Aaron’s parents refuse to send him to school. They say, “Schools do not have anything good to teach children nowadays.” In this scenario, Aaron is a person being subjected to _____.
a. physical abuse
b. emotional neglect
c. educational neglect
d. sexual abuse
c. educational neglect
The most obvious applications of information processing occur in the field of ________.
a. medicine
b. teaching
c. engineering
d. manufacturing
b. teaching
Which of the following principles relates to the fact that growth in infants proceeds from the trunk outward, from the body’s central axis toward the periphery?
a. Anteriorbital
b. Instantiation
c. Autocephalozation
d. Proximodistal
d. Proximodistal
Which of the following statements is true of a sperm cell?
a. A sperm cell is significantly larger than an egg cell.
b. A sperm cell contains two Y chromosomes.
c. A sperm cell travels randomly inside a female’s reproductive tract.
d. A sperm cell is one of the smallest types of cells in the body.
d. A sperm cell is one of the smallest types of cells in the body.
The motor scale in the Bayley Scales of Infant Development assesses _____.
a. attention span
b. goal directedness
c. standing skills
d. emotional development
c. standing skills
One of the reasons for performing a cesarean section during childbirth is to _______.
a. avoid the use of anesthesia
b. reduce the use of medication during labor
c. control the time of the delivery
d. prevent any involuntary bowel movement
c. control the time of the delivery
Cognitive development proceeds in different ways across infants.
a. True
b. False
a. True
In the context of the nature‐nurture controversy, nature refers to the influence of _____.
a. heredity
b. nutrition
c. culture
d. environment
a. heredity
Describe at least two (2) of the three (3) stages of pregnancy, and what are some of the major developmental changes that are happening during each stage?
Germinal: The First 14 Days
Embryo: From the 3rd Week Through the 8th Week
Fetus: From the 9th Week Until Birth
Monozygotic (MZ) twins share what percent of their genes?
a. 100
b. 75
c. 50
d. 25
a. 100
When do infants begin learning language?
a) Before birth
b) At birth
c) At 12months
d) Around 2 to 4 months
a) Before birth
Which of the following is true of children in the 20th century?
a. Children received greater legal protection than they did prior to then.
b. Children were married at a younger age than those in previous centuries.
c. Children were considered to be the property of their parents.
d. Children experienced less emphasis on education than during previous centuries.
a. Children received greater legal protection than they did prior to then.
What are the three phases of attachment in infants identified by Mary Ainsworth and her colleagues?
The initial pre-attachment phase lasts from birth to about three months and is characterized by indiscriminate attachment.
The attachment-in-the-making phase occurs at about three or four months and is characterized by preference for familiar figures.
The clear-cut-attachment phase occurs at about six or seven months and is characterized by intensified dependence on the primary caregiver, usually the mother.
The Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale is used to assess _______________.
a. adaptive behavior
b. bowel movement
c. muscle tone
d. respiratory effort
a. Adaptive behavior