What are the three sutures and their relative positions?
- Saggital Suture- straight down the middle
- Coronal- across the frontal bone, like a headband
-Lamboidal- across the occipital bone
What are the different types of bones?
long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones
What percent of the bone is organic and what percent is inorganic?
30% organic, 70% inorganic
Undifferentiated cells that give rise to connective tissue
What is mesenchyme
When two bones completely fuse together?
synostoses
What are the ways to identify the occipital bone?
The foramen magnum
thicker than other cranial vault bones
variation in external protuberence
no meningeal grooves
What are the four parts of a bone?
Epiphysis, diaphysis, metaphysics, apophysis
What are the different types of bone tissue?
Cortical, cancellous, subchondral, periosteum, endosteum
Directs outgrowth of limb bud and development of the bone primordial by influencing the progress zone
What is the Apical ectodermal ridge
What is the difference between adduction and abduction?
adduction- moving limb towards midline of the body
abduction- moving limb away from midline of the body
what are the three auditory ossicles, and what is their shape?
Malleus- mallet
Stapes- triangle
Incus- backwards florida
What are the types of joints?
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
What is an osteon?
basic unit of adult compact bone
arranged in concentric tubes around a pair of blood vessels
connected through Haversian canal system
Undifferentiated mesenchyme that is immediately next to the AER
Progress zone
What is an osteoclast?
Bone resorption cells
helps free apatite crystals and collagen from bone
Tips to identify the temporal bone
external auditory meatus is lateral
squama extends superiorly
meningeal grooves on endocranial surface
zygomatic process extends anteriorly
mastoid process is posterior
What are the EIGHT different types of movement?
flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, supination, pronation, dorsiflexion, plantar flexion
What is the Haversian canal System?
Network of vascular canals that supplies nerves and blood vessels to bone, longitudinal orientation and pass through an osteon
What week and stage do homogenous interzones form?
Week 7 and stage 18
The bone that is surrounded by and formed in tendon
What are sesamoid bones
What are the four different angles on the parietal bones
mastoid angle
frontal angle
sphenoid angle
occipital angle
What is the difference between medial and proximal, lateral and distal?
Medial- towards midline of the body
proximal- nearest the articulation with the axial skeleton
lateral- away from midline
distal- farthest from the articulation with the axial skeleton
Bone maintenance cells
helps maintain calcium homeostasis
formed from trapped osteoblasts
Whats is an osteocyte
What type of ossification occurs when mesenchyme is covered directly into bone
Intramembranous ossification
A type of fibrous joint such as a tooth into the alveolus that is immoveable
gomphosis