Cardiac Physiology
This structure acts as the heart's primary pacemaker.
Sinoatrial (SA) node
This type of pressure measures the peak during heart contraction.
Systolic pressure
These are the body’s first responders to bacterial infection.
Neutrophils?
Plasma and interstitial fluid are separated by these structures.
Capillary walls
The three primary factors that determine the stroke volume are...
Preload: Workload on ventricle when full
Afterload: Pressure in systemic circulation ventricle is pumping against (BP)
Ejection Fractions: % of blood in ventricles that gets pumped per stroke.
These cells make up 99% of cardiac muscle and handle the mechanical work of pumping.
Contractile cells
The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure is called this.
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
This type of immunity uses T-cells for cell-mediated responses.
Adaptive immunity
This ion is predominantly found in extracellular fluid.
sodium (Na+)
Which of the following are the valves in the right side of the human heart?
Tricuspid valve & pulmonary valve
This is the term for the two-way circulation system between the heart and lungs.
Pulmonary circulation
The baroreceptor reflex involves sensors in these locations to monitor blood pressure.
Carotid arteries and Aorta?
This antibody is an inflammation and a common cause of allergic reactions.
IgE
The selective barrier between extracellular and intracellular fluid is known as this?
Plasma membrane
This process refers to the growth of new blood vessels.
Angiogenesis
This blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.
Aorta
This hormone contributes to vasoconstriction and water balance.
Antidiuretic hormone
These cells, when activated by T-cells, produce antibodies.
Plasma Cells.
This structure in veins prevents blood from flowing backward.
Venous valves
This system controls the diameter of blood vessels and overall blood pressure.
Autonomic nervous system
The delay at this node allows atria to contract before ventricular contraction.
Atrioventricular (AV) node
What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?
Heart rate x stroke volume
This innate immune response involves histamine release, increased capillary permeability, and neutrophil proliferation.
Inflammation
Blood moves from areas of high pressure to low pressure, known as this concept.
Pressure gradient
The first heart sound is associated with the closing of
the _______(AV/semilunar) valves and signals the onset of ____________(systole/
diastole), whereas the second heart sound is associated with
closing of the _________(AV/semilunar) valves and signals the onset of
_____________(systole/diastole).
AV, Systole, Semilunar, Diastole