Definition of Human Rights
How many member states of the UN are there?
193
What is a peace right?
the human right to live in a world without war or violence.
What is contemporary slavery?
a form of forced or bonded labour, with or without pay,under threat of violence
What is natural law?
A right that is held by each person
What is State Sovereignty?
The ultimate law making power of a state:
Control over its territorty, control over its legal system, the right to choose whethe or not to recognise other countires or IGO's. The state is able to make its own decisions without outside interference.
what is the ICCPR?
The ICCPR is a global treaty protecting individuals' civil and political rights, such as freedom of speech, religion, and fair trials.
List some labour rights that are included in the UDHR.
right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment
the right to equal pay for equal work
the right to just and favourable remuneration
the right to form and join trade unions
the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.
What are the 3 main categories of modern slavery?
1. forced labour -performed under threat which the person has not voluntarily submitted to
2. debt bondage - Labour repaid without fair value or proper limits on type and duration of service.
3. sexual slavery - forcing a victim to provide sexual services; forced prostitution or forced labour where sexual abuse is also common
what is common law?
Common law: Law made by the courts and through judge’s decisions
What is an IGO?
An intergovernmental organisation (IGO) is an international institution made up of member states. IGOs are created by agreement between states, and each has an international treaty that acts as a charter outlining the organisation’s purpose and operation.
What are three qualities that define a human right?
Indivisible -all rights are equally important and interrelated.
Inalienable - cannot be taken away or surrendered. universal-applicable to all people everywhere.
Indivisible – all rights are equally important and interrelated.
What is universal suffrage?
the right of all adult citizens to vote regardless of race, gender, or social status, marking a major advancement in political rights and democratic participation.
What is Human Trafficking?
the commercial trade or trafficking in human beings for the purpose of some form of slavery, usually involving recruiting, transporting or obtaining a person by force, coercion or deceptive means
What is Division of Powers
Division of powers: how powers are divided between the federal and state governments
What are the 6 main bodies of the UN?
The General Assembly
The Security Council
The Trusteeship Council
The Economic and Social Council
The International Court of Justice.
The Secretariat ( Administration)
Self-determination rights are covered under which conventions?
self-determination rights in Article 1 of both the ICCPR and ICESCR.
What is a Collective right?
A right beleonging to a group of people
What is Self Determination?
self-determination is a collective right-the right of people to determine how they will begoverned, or their political status based on territory or national grouping
WHat are Values?
Values - principles, standards, qualities considered important, worthwhile or desirable in society
WHat is the responsibility to protect
the intervention of the United Nations into the affairs of a member state is authorised. Despite the protection of state sovereignty. This principle is known as ‘Responsibility to Protect.
What is the ICESCR
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, an international treaty that obliges its parties to protect and fulfil rights related to work, health, education, social security, and an adequate standard of living.
What are the laws around education in Australia?
Education laws also take into account international human rights obligations, such as the right to education under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Australia is committed to ensuring education is accessible, inclusive, and non-discriminatory.
What are some sources of slavery?
poverty, fraudulent recruiters, exploitative employers and corrupt officials, allseeking to reap profits from the victims’ exploitation.
WHat is a Treaty?
Treaty: An agreement between international states, recorded in writing and signed. A bi lateral treaty is between two countries, a multilateral treaty is one negotiated between multiple countries.
What is the Palermo Protocol?
Protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons especially women and children. an umbrella to provide overall protection, but for member states to enact the most appropriate laws.
It has created:
More global awareness of the issue
Greater conformity in national laws
Better cross border cooperation