Wellbeing
What is the definition of "human wellbeing" in the context of geography?
Human wellbeing refers to the overall quality of life and satisfaction experienced by individuals and communities within a geographical area. It encompasses physical, social, economic, and psychological dimensions.
What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure/indicator used to assess a country's overall level of human development.
What is poverty?
A state or condition in which a person or community lacks the financial resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living.
What is conflict?
A clash between individuals arising out of a difference in thought process, attitudes, understanding, interests, requirements and even sometimes perceptions
What does no correlation mean?
When two factors/variables are showing no clear pattern in a scatterplot.
Identify two social factors that can affect human wellbeing.
Colonisation, slavery, rapid population growth, attitudes and beliefs
How does the HDI differentiate between developed and developing countries?
The HDI categorizes countries into different development groups based on their HDI scores. Developed countries generally have higher HDI scores (closer to 1), indicating higher levels of human development, while developing countries have lower HDI scores (closer to zero), reflecting lower levels of development.
What is the poverty cycle?
The poverty cycle refers to a self-reinforcing pattern where individuals or families remain trapped in poverty over generations.
Name two factors that may cause conflict within a country. Link these to the case studies we have done in class.
1. Uprising against governments (Syria)
2. Colonisation (Rwanda)
3. Discrimination against minorities (Rwanda)
You have created a scatter graph where one variable is increasing while one is decreasing. The majority of your points sit close to the line of best fit. What relationship is this?
Strong Negative Correlation
How can economic factors influence human wellbeing in a region?
Economic factors, such as income levels, employment opportunities, and access to basic necessities, directly impact human wellbeing. Higher income levels often lead to improved living standards, better access to education and healthcare, and increased overall satisfaction.
What are 3 main components of HDI?
It considers three main components: life expectancy at birth (health), mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling (education), and gross national income per capita (standard of living).
What is the most significant tool to break someone out of the poverty cycle?
Quality Education
Name 3 short term effects of conflict?
1. Displacement
2. Economic recession
3. Resource limitation
What is a pattern?
Can be seen when comparing two different factors (map or graph).
This occurs when data has a correlation – positive or negative.
Can also indicate cause and effect.
Explain the difference between "subjective wellbeing" and "objective wellbeing."
Subjective wellbeing refers to an individual's personal perception of their own happiness and life satisfaction. Objective wellbeing, on the other hand, involves measurable indicators such as income, access to healthcare, education, and other factors that contribute to a person's quality of life.
Give an example of a country with a high HDI score (top 10).
Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Hong Kong, Australia, Denmark, Sweden, Ireland, Germany, Netherlands
Discuss the role of systemic factors, such as discrimination and lack of social services, in maintaining the poverty cycle.
Discrimination, unequal access to opportunities, and inadequate social services can reinforce the poverty cycle. Marginalized groups often face barriers in education, employment, and healthcare, making it harder for them to escape poverty.
How are literacy rates impacted by conflict?
Conflict can either destroy schools or stop access to schools. Children can lose years of schooling. Priorities are not in education and therefore literacy rates will drop.
What is a trend?
This is a pattern that is found occurring over a particular time frame – upwards and downwards trend.
Consider our case study on Syria. Give three examples how the actions of their past effected the wellbeing of people today?
1. Dictatorship
2. Civil war
3. Discontent citizens
4. Chemical weapons
How can the Human Development Index (HDI) be used as a tool for policy-making and international comparisons?
The HDI serves as a valuable tool for policy-makers to assess the effectiveness of development strategies and allocate resources more efficiently. By identifying areas of improvement in health, education, and income, governments can prioritize initiatives that address specific shortcomings.
Explain how lack of access to quality education contributes to the poverty cycle.
Lack of access to quality education can hinder skill development and limit economic opportunities. Without education, individuals are more likely to be stuck in low-paying jobs with limited prospects for advancement. As a result, their children may also face barriers to education, continuing the cycle.
Name 3 long term effects of conflict?
1. Ongoing war
2. Generational trauma
3. Lack of trust in government
4. Lack of basic resources e.g. clean water
Discrimination against cultural groups
What is the purpose of creating a population pyramid?
A population pyramid is useful to represent the breakdown of the population by gender and age at a given point in time. Can indicate development and historical events impacting particular groups.