ANATOMY 👑
A Number's Game
Hip Hop Eponymous
The Funny Bone
It's Lit
100
The three heads of the triceps muscle:
What are the long, lateral, and medial heads
100
The radial nerve exits the posterior compartment through the lateral intramuscular septum 10 cm proximal to radiocapitellar joint, and ___cm proximal to the medial epicondyle ___cm proximal to the lateral epicondyle
What are 20 and 14 cm, respectively?
100
Named after this surgeon from the University of Miami, this brace relies upon compression of the surrounding soft tissues to generate hydrostatic pressure that can stabilize the fracture itself
Who is Augusto Sarmineto?
98% union (of 51 cases) in JBJS 1977
100
The humerus is a
bone
100
Based on the data presented by Entezari et. al., recommend ordering this if nerve recovery is not observed by 9 weeks postinjury.
What is electrophysiology testing?
200
During the anterior approach to the humerus, the brachialis is split between the ____ and the ____ nerves to maintain innervation of the brachialis
What are the musculocutaneous (medial) and radial (lateral) nerves?
200
The musculocutaneous nerve enters the coracobrachialis on average ____ cm distal to the coracoid
what is 5?
200
This fracture pattern is associated with a high risk of radial nerve neuropraxia
What is Holstein-Lewis?
200
The most common postoperative complaint after a humeral nail
What is shoulder pain?
200
Both ____ and ____ (demographic factors) were found to be associated with nonunion formation in the univariate analysis performed by Dreisman et. al
What are obesity and older age?
Spiral fracture and gross motion at 6 weeks also were significant in the univariate analysis
300
This muscle is the last muscle to recover reinnervation after radial nerve palsy
What is extensor indicis proprius?
300
____% of the humeral shaft can be exposed via the Gerwin-Hotchkiss approach
What is 94%?
300
This surgeon, well-known for an approach to the humerus, was once a Mayo Clinic Orthopedic Biomechanics Visiting Fellow
Who is Robert N. Hotchkiss?
300
In a patient with a closed left diaphyseal humerus fracture, a closed left midshaft femur fracture, right sided rib fractures, and multiple facial fractures following a motorcycle accident, strongly indicated treatment of the humerus should consist of
What is surgical fixation?
A strong relative indication for surgical management is a polytrauma patient. Plating of humerus fractures has high union rates and facilitates early weight bearing, which is necessary for rehabilitation with a concomitant lower extremity injury.
300
Fracture site mobility was determined by doing what in the Driesman et. al paper
What is placing one hand on the humerus proximal to the fracture to stabilize and the other hand then applied anterior and posterior as well as varus and valgus forces to elicit motion at the fracture site.
400
The radial nerve enters the anterior compartment by piercing through the lateral intermuscular septum where it continues between _________
What are brachialis and brachioradialis?
400
You should have ____ screws on each side of the fracture when plating a humeral shaft fracture
What is four?
This has been shown biomechanically as the primary force on the humerus is rotational unlike the lower extremity where it is axial
400
The paratricipital approach is named after ____ (number) of surgeons
What is one?
M. Allonso-Llames
400
AO Classification of this fracture
What is 12-A1
400
Farid et. al notably excluded this known complication of humeral shaft fractures from their cost analyses.
What is radial nerve palsy?
500
In the Gerwin-Hotchkiss approach, the triceps muscle is retracted medially to expose the _____ that branches off of the radial nerve on the posterior aspect of the lateral intermuscular septum
The lower lateral brachial cutaneous nerve
500
Criteria for acceptable alignment of humeral shaft fractures include:
< ____° anterior angulation
< ____° varus/valgus angulation
< ____° of rotational malalignment
< ____ cm shortening
What are
< 20° anterior angulation
< 30° varus/valgus angulation
< 15° of rotational malalignment
< 3 cm shortening
500
He was the flight surgeon aboard the USS Savo Island during WWII
Who is Gwilym Bowen “Bill” Lewis?
Along with Arthur Holstein he is eponymously affiliated with the Holstein–Lewis fracture, which they first described in 1963
His ship was stationed in the South Pacific and survived among others a kamikaze attack at the Battle of Leyte Gulf (the largest naval battle in World War II and perhaps in history
500
Concomitant brachial plexus injury is a contraindication to using a Sarmiento brace to treat closed humeral shaft fractures due to the need for
What is intact muscular tone?
Intact muscular tone is necessary to effect bony apposition in closed treatment with a functional brace. The absence of neurologic and muscle function in patients with a flail extremity leads to increased rates of nonunion and malunion.
500
This was the third most common nerve palsy seen in patients with humeral shaft fractures in the Entezari et. al. paper
what is axillary?
1.2% of patients.