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B-cell Activation
Isotype Switching
Toxin Mediated Diseases
100
Helper T cells stimulate the proliferation and then ____________ of antigen-binding B cells. 
What is differentiation? 
100
Isotype switching requires the expression of this type of protein. 
What is CD40L?
100

This disease blocks inhibitory neuron, leading to chronic muscle contraction.

What is tetanus? 

200
These Th cells activate B cells that recognize the same Ag.
What is linked recognition-armed Th cells?
200
Isotype switching is directed by this type of signal molecules.
What are cytokines? 
200
This organism causes the illness known as whooping cough.
What is Bordetella pertussis?
300
Microbial constituents can induce antibody production in the absence of helper T cells.
What are T-independent antigens?
300

These immunoglobulins can neutralize toxins and viruses and prevent bacterial adherence. 

What is high-affinity IgA and IgG? 
300
This toxin acts on intestinal neurons to induce vomiting. 
What is Staphylococcal enterotoxin?
400

These antigens are unable to induce antibody responses in animals or humans who lack T cells.

What are T-dependent (thymus-dependent) antigens?

400

IL-5 increases production of this immunoglobulin.

What is IgA?
400
Streptococcus pyogenes kills phagocytes and allows bacterial survival causing this disease.
What is Scarlet fever?
500
B cells undergo somatic hypermutation in this area of the lymph node.
What are germinal centers?
500
The fetus receives this class of immunoglobulin from the mother by transplacental transport.
What is IgG?
500
This disease is characterized by edema, hemorrhage, and circulatory collapse.
What is anthrax?