Brain Regions
Which brain region is known as the satiety center?
Ventromedial hypothalamus
Pancreas and stomach lining
What are the two neurochemicals involved with satiety?
What occurs when the lateral hypothalamus is lesioned?
Aphagia (undereating)
Highest during fasting; lowest after a meal
What is the Mayer’s Glucostatic Hypothesis?
A decrease in blood glucose acts as a hunger signal and an increase in blood glucose acts as a satiety signal.
What factor affects the extent to which a rat will overeat after receiving a lesion to the ventromedial hypothalamus?
Palatability of food
What are orexins?
Central peptides associated with hunger and inversely correlated with leptin levels
Explain the regulation of blood sugar and the relationship between insulin and glucagon.
Insulin helps remove glucose and amino acids from the blood supply into the body cells where they can be used to transport fats into adipose tissue and store glucose as glycogen. When the body needs more energy than can be supplied by the glucose already circulating in the blood, then glucagon will convert the stored glycogen back into glucose.
Which brain region suppresses both Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone? What is the result of this suppression?
Paraventricular Nucelus; reduction of metabolic rate
Which two brain regions does ghrelin interact with?
Ventromedial hypothalamus and arcuate nucleus (also interacts with brain circuits involved in memory and reward)
What is a limitation of the dual center set point model?
Does not account for energy metabolism, drinking behavior, wakefulness, and reward