Regulation of BP
The volume of blood ejected from the heart per minute.
What is Cardiac Output (CO)?
Hypertension is defined as.
What is a systolic blood pressure (SBP) equal to or greater than140 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) equal to or greater than 90 mm Hg?
Increases the excretion of sodium and water.
What are diuretics?
Dietary approach to stop hypertension.
What is the DASH diet?
Medications can be selective or non-selective.
What are Beta-Adrenergic Blockers (Antagonists)?
The force opposing the movement of blood within the blood vessels.
What is Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)?
High blood pressure often has no warning signs or symptoms and is called.
What is "silent killer"?
Blocks effects of epinephrine-results in vasodilation, reduced HR, reduced force of contraction, reduces stimulation of SA node, decreased impulses through the AV node = LOWERS BP
What are Beta-Adrenergic Blockers (Antagonists)?
To reduce BP, individuals should have 2 or fewer per day.
What is alcohol?
More prevalent in men until age 55, and in women after age 55.
What is hypertension?
Hormone that causes vasoconstriction thus increasing blood pressure.
What is Angiotensin?
Hypertension is a risk factor for (3).
What are cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and death??
Prevents action of Angiotensin ll and produce vasodilation, and increased salt and H20 excretion.
What are Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARB)?
This can reduce SBP in the patient with hypertension by approximately 10 mm Hg, promote relaxation, and decrease or control body weight.
What is physical activity?
Age, diabetes, stress, smoking, obesity, poor dietary habits.
What is are risk factors for primary hypertension?
Increases arterial pressure by increasing both CO and SVR.
What is the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)?
Diastolic pressure is 90 mmHg or higher and other causes of hypertension are absent.
What is primary hypertension?
Decreases force of contractions, dilates the blood vessels, and corrects abnormal heart rhythm.
What are Calcium Channel Blockers?
The cardiovascular benefits of discontinuing this can be seen within 1 year in all age groups.
What is smoking?
It is important for the nurse to monitor Potassium levels.
What is a side effect of diuretics?
Hormone that stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium, and water, which increases BP by increasing CO.
What is Aldosterone?
This can be caused by conditions that affect your kidneys, arteries, heart, or endocrine system.
What is secondary hypertension?
Decreases SVR (systemic vascular resistance), vasodilation, decrease in sodium and water retention = Reduced BP.
What are Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors)?
This should have a multidisciplinary approach that includes dietary education, increased physical activity, and behavioural intervention.
What is weight reduction?
Administered for angina, hypertension, dysrhythmias, and migraine headaches.
What are Calcium Channel Blockers?