Hypertension
The blood vessels narrow, resistance to blood flow increase
What is vasoconstriction
Severe airway obstruction or impending respiratory failure; may be life-threatening or need ventilator
What is Silent Chest?
Uncontrollable, violent cough with "whooping" sound- from trying to breathe in air against an obstructed glottis.
What are the hallmark characteristics of Pertussis?
You must do this before giving the first dose of antibiotics
What is a sputum or blood culture
This is the PPE needed when treating a patient with Tuberculosis
N-95 mask, Negative pressure room, gown, and gloves
*pt. is in their own room regardless of similar diagnosis
Systolic mmHg: 130-139
Diastolic mmHg: 80-89
What is Hypertension Stage 1?
Extreme acute asthma attack that does not improve with regular bronchodilators or corticosteroids with symptoms: Hypoxia, Hypercapnia, Acute respiratory failure, Chest tightness, Short shallow breath, Wheeze or no air movement, cough, sweating, Difficulty breathing.
cough, clear/purulent sputum, headache, fever, malaise, dyspnea, chest pain
What is Acute Bronchitis?
Abnormal entry of oral or gastric material into lower airway with risk factors of decreased level of consciousness, difficulty swallowing, insertion of nasogastric tubes with or without tube feeding
Active disease within two years of infection
or Reactivation where disease occurs greater than 2 years after primary infection
What is Active TB?
Fatigue, Dizziness, Palpitations, Angina, Dyspnea
What are the symptoms of severe hypertensions?
All patients with asthma should have this to plan for acute attacks and to prevent future attacks
What is an Asthma Action Plan?
Paroxysms of cough
What is stage 2 of pertussis?
*2-10 weeks
This is a complication of treatment that those who are of an older age, have immunosuppression, have a history of antibiotic use, or prolonged mechanical ventilation have an increased risk of experiencing
What multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens?
Fatigue, malaise, anorexia, weight loss, low grade fever, and nigh sweats
What are the symptoms of TB?
KEY SYMPTOMS ARE low-grade fever and night sweats per Brzoza
AHA Life's Simple 7
1. Manage and monitor BP
2. Control cholesterol-dec choles and sat fats
3. Reduce blood sugar
4. Get active
5. Eat better-restrict salt, eat K and Ca
6. Lose weight
7. Stop smoking
This is an important goal of nursing to help treat an acute asthma plan
What is decreasing a patients anxiety and sense of panic?
We should not use this during a coughing episode because the patient will not be able to breath.
What is a cough suppressant/antihistamine?
This is used to treat viral pneumonia- a condition with no definitive treatment
What are antivirals?
This group must have greater than or equal to 5mm induration for the TB skin test results
Who are immunocompromised (HIV+, recent contact with active TB patient, organ transplant, or nodular or fibrotic changes on chest X-ray)
This drug helps get rid of body of sodium and water with side effects of dizziness, headaches, frequent voiding, loss of potassium (for some), orthostatic hypotension.
What are Diuretics?
What is Aspirin and NSAIDs
What should we do if bronchitis is due to influenza.
What is using antivirals within 48 hours?
Adequate hydration; small, frequent, high calorie, nutritious meals while monitoring intake and weight
What is nutritional therapy?
these two medication are used for 18 weeks, during the second phase of drug therapy.
What are isoniazid and rifampin?