Mechanism Of Action
Labetalol is in what subclass of beta blockers?
Mixed
True or False: ACEs and ARBs should NEVER be used simultaneously to treat any condition
TRUE
Which drug class can induce a gout attack d/t uric acid accumulation?
thiazide diuretics
duration of action of metoprolol tartate
12 hours
What HTN drug class(es) is never to be used in a pregnancy patient
RAS inhibitors (ACE/ARB)
Renin, which is responsible for converting angiotensinogen to angiotensin I is excreted from what organ?
kidney
This type of CCB is preferred in treating hypertension
DHPs
up to what % increase in SCr is acceptable when initiating or titrating RAS therapy?
30%
PM (or HS)
CCB are metabolized by what main CYP enzyme
CYP3A4
this medication does not inhibit a receptor, but is actually a receptor agonist that inhibits the release of excitatory neurotransmitters
clonidine
A patient is maxed out on irbesartan and nifedipine for HTN. What drug class is recommended as the next add on treatment option (be specific)?
thiazide diuretic
when patients develop dizziness or lightheadedness along with drops in BP when transitions positions (ie. sitting to standing) it is know as this
orthostatic hypotension
the duration of action of this medication is only 3-8hrs
hydralazine
in a majority of patients, what is the duration of action (in hours) of metoprolol succinate
24
this drug class acts on the SA/AV nodes in the heart to slow down the heart rate thus decreasing cardiac output and subsequently blood pressure (be specific)
non-DHP CCBs
If a patient's potassium is above this value, it is not recommended to initiation spironolactone therapy
4.5
increased HR as well as HA are associated with the vasodilatory properties of this most popular CCB (drug name)
amlodipine
This diuretic in ineffective if CrCl<30ml/min
hydrochlorothiazide
Which beta blocker is preferred in patients with concomitant bronchial disease?
Nadolol - Carvedilol - Atenolol
Atenolol
This class of medications inhibit the Na+/Cl- channels in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidneys
thiazide diuretics
which K+ sparing diuretic is not FDA approved to treat HTN as monotherapy
triamterene
gingival hyperplasia is a cautionary side effect of this less commonly used medication?
verapamil
A clonidine patch is applied every ___ days
7
PTSD and night terrors can be treated using what anti-hypertensive medication? mind you, dosing is just qHS instead of multiple times per day
prazosin