Pathophysiology
What is the difference in the amounts of hormones released into the body with 1) Hyperthyroidism and 2) Hypothyroidism?
What is...1) Excessive circulating thyroid hormones 2) Not enough circulating thyroid hormones
What is the name of the condition specific to hyperthyroidism that presents as a large lump in the neck?
What is... a Goiter.
In which thyroid condition is radioactive iodine ingested to show thyroid gland radioactivity by a gamma probe?
What is....Hyperthyroidism
What is the treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism?
A. Synthroid
B. Low calorie diet
C. Thyroidectomy
D. Radioactive iodine therapy
What is....
D. Radioactive iodine therapy
What is the anticipated outcome if a patient adheres to their appropriate hypothyroid treatment? (hint: symptom improvements)
A. Weight loss
B. Cold intolerance
C. Decreased bowel movements
D. Weight gain
What is.....
A. Weight loss
What is the pathophysiology of hypothyroidism?
A. Too much circulating thyroid hormone
B. Not enough circulating thyroid hormone
C. Increased secretion of parathyroid hormone
D. Decreased secretion of parathyroid hormone
What is...
B. Not enough circulating thyroid hormone
In which thyroid condition can these symptoms be seen: tremors, palpitations, weight loss, nervousness, exophthalmos, thyroid bruit, and goiter?
A. Thyroid Storm
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Myxedema Coma
D. Hyperthyroidism
What is...
D. Hyperthyroidism
Which labs would help diagnose a patient with hypothyroidism?
A. Levels of serum calcium and phosphate
B. Serum TSH and free T4
C. RAIU
D. Serum TSH and T3
What is....
B. Serum TSH and free T4 levels
What is the treatment/interventions for a myxedema coma?
What is....Support vital functions, mechanical ventilation and cardiac monitoring, and IV thyroid replacement therapy
Name two outcomes of radioactive iodine therapy that patients should be aware of that could harm others.
What is.....
1)using a separate restroom/cleaning after use/multiple flushes 2)handling ONLY their own food not others 3)avoiding pregnant women and children
What causes thyrotoxicosis (also known as thyroid storm)? Which thyroid condition is this secondary to?
What is ...Excessive amounts of thyroid hormones are released into circulation and Hyperthyroidism
A female patient presents to the ER with fatigue, lethargy, unexplained weight gain, and is always cold. What disorder can be suspected based on her symptoms and what will her thyroid labs (TSH and T4) look like?
What is...Hypothyroidism and she will have a high level of TSH and low level of T4 in the blood.
Free T4 is a definitive diagnostic of hyperthyroidism. Why is free T4 significant?
What is...Free T4 is the active version of the hormone
What can you as a nurse educate a patient with hypothyroidism about regarding their medication?
What is....Medication will be lifelong, side effects and signs of toxicity, manifestations of hyperthyroidism if dosage is too high, do not abruptly discontinue drug therapy consult with your physician first, prevent skin breakdown, and cold sensitivity avoid extreme temperature/ have proper clothing.
Which labs will a patient with hyperthyroidism expect to be drawn regularly to evaluate the effectiveness of their treatment?
What is.....TSH and free T4
Which is NOT a hormone released by the thyroid gland?
A. T3
B. PTH
C. Calcitonin
D. T4
What is....
B. PTH
Identify the clinical manifestation associated with hypothyroidism that presents as puffiness, periorbital edema, and masklike affect.
What is... Myxedema
Grave’s Disease can be distinguished from other hyperthyroid conditions by which diagnostic test?
What is...Radioactive Iodine Uptake Test (RAIU)
A patient with hyperthyroidism may need to follow which dietary recommendations?
A. Low calorie intake (1000-1500 calories/day) and high caffeine
B. High calorie intake (4000-5000 calories/day) and high caffeine
C. Low calorie intake (1000-1500 calories/day) and low caffeine
D. High calorie intake (4000-5000 calories/day) and low caffeine
What is...
D. High calorie intake (4000-5000 calories/day) and low caffeine
What is the hopeful outcome of one who receives PTU during thyrotoxicosis?
A. T3 and T4 increase and TSH decreases
B. T3 and T4 increase and TSH increases
C. T3 and T4 decrease and TSH decreases
D. T3 and T4 decrease and TSH increases
What is......
D. T3 and T4 decrease and TSH increases
1)What is the pathophysiology of Grave’s disease and 2)what thyroid condition is it associated with?
What is ....1)Grave’s disease is an autoimmune condition that causes antibodies to attach to TSH receptors & stimulate T3 & T4 release
2)hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism can cause cardiovascular problems especially in those with existing CVD. What are two contributing factors that can result in coronary atherosclerosis?
A. Low serum triglycerides and cholesterol
B. High serum triglycerides and low cholesterol
C. High serum triglycerides and cholesterol
D. Low serum triglycerides and high cholesterol
What is...
C. High serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels
When diagnosing hypothyroidism, the presence of thyroid antibodies suggests a(n)?
A. Goiter
B. Myxedema
C. Autoimmune condition
D. Exophthalmos
What is....
C. Autoimmune condition
What are some indications for a thyroidectomy?
What is...Goiter with tracheal compression, thyroid cancer, or hyperthyroid that does not respond to anti-thyroid medications.
What are some adverse outcomes of a thyroidectomy that patients should be made aware of prior to surgery?
What is...Hypothyroidism, Hypoparathyroidism (if parathyroid accidentally removed), Hemorrhage, Infection