Philosophical Foundations
Wrote China’s 1st philosophical work.
Who is Lao Tse?
Developed a new view of knowledge that claims that both reason and the senses contribute to our knowledge of the world.
Who is Immanuel Kant?
The belief that there is a transcendent separate supreme being-creator who does not intervene in the universe?
What is deism?
He was teacher of Alexander the Great.
Who is Aristotle?
He believed that existence and the world is unchanging and static.
Who is Parmenides?
The form of our knowledge of reality, derives from reason, but its content comes from our senses.
What is transcendental idealism?
This theory argues that there is no ultimate nature of reality, no underlying human nature.
What is existentialism?
Considered that socio-economic conflicts have historically developed in stages that would eventually lead to a stateless/classless society.
Who is Karl Marx?
Shows the reality of the dao always benefits in the long run, no matter the perception.
What is wu wei?
A scientific theory is true if it coheres to the accepted conceptual framework.
What is conceptual relativism?
The belief that reality is essentially composed of mind/minds and their ideas rather than matter.
What is idealism?
Believes that the only way to provide social order is for everyone to acknowledge a perpetual sovereign power (the state, or Leviathan) against which each of them would be powerless.
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
The Buddhist term for the cycle of life.
Claimed that a text could have several true interpretations, including the literal interpretation and at least three kinds of symbolic interpretations.
Who is Saint Thomas Aquinas?
"If we find an artifact, like a watch, that is designed to achieve a purpose, we can conclude it was made by an intelligent being" is an argument made by proponents of this argument.
What is design argument?
Believes that the purpose of gov’t is to protect those rights that the individual cannot protect in the state of nature.
Who is John Locke?
The act of observing as many examples as possible of a subject and then working out the underlying principles.
What is inductive reasoning?
The theory argues that ethical truth, logical truth, or mathematical truth have nothing to do with physical realty.
What is deflation theory?
This principle argues (and objects to materialism) that: "At the subatomic level, independent physical reality seems to disappear, leaving only 'probability fields' of potential entities that do not become real or material until they interact with the mind."
What is the Principle of Indeterminacy?
"The aim of State is to ensure happiness of community" is a component of this philosophy.
What is Eudaimonia?