performing arts
The Athenian general Cleon denounced this man’s play The Babylonians as slander, and his subsequent plays mocked Cleon extensively. This man’s works are the primary examples of the (*) “Old Comedy” genre, and Plato identifies his slander of Socrates in his play The Clouds as a contributing factor to his trial and condemnation. For ten points, name this Greek playwright, often nicknamed the Father of Comedy.
Aristophanes
A character in this story brings home an invitation to Georges Rampouneau’s [rom-poo-NOH’s] party, and sleeps in a side room while his wife dances until four in the morning. The central object of this story is only worth five hundred francs, but the (*) Loisels [lwah-ZELLS] nevertheless incur massive debt in order to repay Madame Forestier [foh-res-tee-AY] when that object is lost at a ball. For ten points, name this short story by Guy de Maupassant, in which Mathilde loses the title piece of jewelry.
The Necklace (accept The Diamond Necklace; accept La parure)
This process is driven by complexifying and adaptive forces, according to Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. This process cannot occur in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The convergent type of this process occurs as different populations develop analogous structures in similar environments. On the (*) Origin of Species argues that this process occurs via natural selection. For ten points, name this biological theory describing changes in a population’s genetic traits over time, supported by Charles Darwin.
evolution (prompt on natural selection before mentioned by asking “can you be less specific?”)
One part of this amendment was studied in Schenck v. US, in which the Supreme Court created the “clear and present danger” test to decide whether this amendment is being violated. This amendment includes the (*) Establishment and Free Exercise Clauses, creating one of its five commonly listed freedoms. For ten points, name this Bill of Rights amendment that protects the press, speech, religion, assembly, and right to petition the government.
1st Ammendment of the U.S. Constitution
One holder of this title stated "If it is so, it will be my retirement." after learning that he was deposed by a bloodless coup. The first holder of this non-European title faced a rebellion by the Confederation of the Equator. (*) A daughter of one holder of this title signed the Lei Áurea, ending slavery in a certain country. For ten points, name this title held by Pedro I and Pedro II, the rulers of the largest South American country.
Emperor of Brazil (accept monarch, ruler, king, etc in place of "Emperor")
In a play about this legendary figure, he kills Valentine in a duel and seduces Valentine's sister, Gretchen. In a play titled for this character, he asks "was this the face that launch'd a thousand ships?" when confronted with the ghost of (*) Helen of Troy, who has been summoned by Mephistopheles, a demon. Christopher Marlowe and Johann von Goethe wrote plays about, for ten points, what legendary man who makes a pact with the devil?
This author wrote about the Kuragin, Bolkonsky, and Rostov families during the Napoleonic war in an enormously long novel. In another of this man’s novels, the title noblewoman, the sister of Stiva Oblonsky, has an affair with Count (*) Vronsky and throws herself under a train. For ten points, name this Russian author of War and Peace and Anna Karenina.
Leo Nikoleyovich Tolstoy (accept Lev Tolstoy)
Boundaries within these materials have positive and negative sides called a p-n junction; those boundaries are created when these materials are “doped.” The resistance of this type of material rises as temperatures (*) fall, unlike the behavior of metals. Silicon is commonly used in these materials. For ten points, name this type of material whose name notes that it acts like something between a insulator and a conductor.
semiconductors
This empire’s navy was defeated by Don Juan of Austria at the Battle of Lepanto. This empire was defeated at a 1529 siege of Vienna, halting its plans of European domination. A leader of this empire earned the name “The (*) Conqueror” after successfully capturing Constantinople. Mehmed II and Suleiman the Magnificent led, for ten points, what empire whose former capital, Istanbul, is now part of Turkey?
Ottoman Empire (do not accept or prompt on Turkey)
These phenomena are counted by the Wolf number, and a butterfly diagram plots their latitude of occurrence against time. These objects frequently occur in pairs of opposite polarity, and the magnetic flux through them decreases their temperature. Peaks in the (*) magnetic field create these objects, around which coronal mass ejections and solar flares may occur. These phenomena appear in a roughly 11-year cycle. For ten points, name these temporary cool and dark patches on the Sun’s photosphere.
Yellow Sea
This musical, about turn-of-the-century cowboys and ranchers, was Rodgers and Hammerstein’s first collaboration. This musical was named after a southwestern state
Oklahoma!
This author wrote about post-World War I American expatriates Frederic Henry and Jake Barnes in the novels A Farewell to Arms and The Sun Also Rises. This author wrote about Manolin’s teacher, (*) Santiago, who goes for 84 days without catching a fish before catching a giant marlin. For ten points, name this American author of The Old Man and the Sea
Ernest Miller Hemingway
Name the fabric of the universe that bends around large masses to create gravity in general relativity
spacetime (do not prompt a partial answer)
This country launched Operation Uranus, an offensive to encircle Friedrich Paulus’s Sixth Army within one of its own cities. In that battle, this country’s army had been pushed back to the west bank of the (*) Volga River. This country was invaded during Operation Barbarossa, which was stunted after the German defeat at Stalingrad. For ten points, name this country that successfully defended another of its cities in the Battle of Moscow.
Soviet Union (or USSR or Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; accept CCCP or Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik; do not prompt on Russia)
You can quite easily see Mount Fuji from this observation tower in Tokyo. After it was completed in 2011, it became the second tallest building in the world, after only the Burj Khalifa.
Tokyo Skytree (or Tokyo Sukaitsuri)
A character in this play repeatedly skips her typing classes at business college to visit penguins at the zoo, and is given the nickname "Blue Roses" by a man who comes to dinner as a (*) "gentleman caller." After the lights go out in this play, Laura is told to "blow out the candles" by her brother, Tom. Amanda Wingfield is the matriarch of the central family in, for ten points, what Tennessee Williams play about a delicate figurine collection?
The Glass Menagerie
This author’s memoir The Platform of Time discussed her involvement in the Dreadnought Hoax. A novel by this author that is set during a single day features a WW1 veteran who is married to Lucrezia and eventually (*) commits suicide. In one essay, this author famously argued that “A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction.” For ten points, name this author of Mrs Dalloway and To the Lighthouse
Virginia Woolf
This material is believed to be composed of WIMPs, as the MACHO hypothesis has several problems. A slow-moving form of this material is described as “cold.” This material is named for its apparent non-interaction with electromagnetic radiation, making it effectively (*) invisible. For ten points, name this type of as-yet not directly observed material, a form of matter that makes up a quarter of the universe’s mass-energy.
dark matter
D.C Stephenson led an Indiana branch of this organization which, by the 1920s, was the largest in the world. D.W. Griffith’s film The Birth of a Nation inspired this group, which met at (*) Stone Mountain and celebrated its revival by burning a cross. Thousands of lynchings were carried out by members of, for ten points, what white supremacist organization, known for wearing white pointed hoods?
Ku Klux Klan (accept KKK)
Which European island is divided by the Green Line, a UN buffer zone that runs through Nicosia?
Cyprus
This play opens outside of a church in Covent Garden, where Freddy Eynsford-Hill bumps into a girl who is selling flowers and knocks her into the mud. In this play, Colonel Pickering and (*) Henry Higgins, a phonetics professor, try to teach Eliza Doolittle to speak without her Cockney accent. The musical My Fair Lady is based on, for ten points, what George Bernard Shaw play titled for a mythical sculptor?
Pygmalion
In this Faulkner novel, the members of the Bundren family embark on a journey to bury their matriarch Addie in her desired resting place.
As I Lay Dying
These phenomena are counted by the Wolf number, and a butterfly diagram plots their latitude of occurrence against time. These objects frequently occur in pairs of opposite polarity, and the magnetic flux through them decreases their temperature. Peaks in the (*) magnetic field create these objects, around which coronal mass ejections and solar flares may occur. These phenomena appear in a roughly 11-year cycle. For ten points, name these temporary cool and dark patches on the Sun’s photosphere.
sunspots
Empress Wu claimed to have re-established this dynasty during a brief interruption of the Tang Dynasty. This dynasty seized control following the Battle of Muye. Philosophers active during this dynasty include Sunzi,(*) Laozi, and Confucius. This dynasty's Eastern period is divided into the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods. For ten points, name this dynasty that was succeeded by the Qin.
Zhou Dynasty
The Imjin War resulted in this city having significant Japanese influence, includkng a SHiro build in Jaseongdae Park. The Songdo Marine Cable car is connected to Amnam Park in this city that lies on the Nakdong River Delta. The 29th king of(*) Silla, Taejongdae, names a landmakr in this city's Yeongdo Island. For ten points, name this second largest city of South Korea, a port on the Korea Strait
Busan (or Pusan)