Membrane Transport
The passive net movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
What is Diffusion
Define Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic solutions
Isotonic-equal
Hypertonic-overtension
Hypotonic-under
Division and reproduction of cells
What is Mitosis
Outline stages of Interphase
Gap 1-Increase volume of cytoplasm, organelles reproduce
Synthesis- DNA replicates
Gap 2- Proteins synthesized, organelles produced
Difference between mitosis and cytokinesis
Mitosis-Division of Nucleus
Cytokinesis-Division of Cytoplasm
Particles move across semi-permeable membrane by diffusion
What is Osmosis
What would happen to the cells of tissues and organs immersed in Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic solutions
Isotonic-H2O enters and leaves equally
Hypertonic-H2O exits doesn't enter
Hypotonic-H20 enters doesn't exit
The definition of Endosymbiotic Theory
A relationship of the cell with the mitochondria and chloroplast. Both are prokaryote, brother into the cell, giving cell energy.
Difference between cell division and mitosis
Mitosis is the division of the nucleus into identical daughter cells, happens more frequently
Cell Division allows growth for the organism, allows cell differentiate to occur is used in asexual reporduction
Abnormal growth of tissue that develops at any shape of life in any part of the body
What is a Tumor
Define selectively preamble in the context of the plasma membrane
Some molecules pass through easily while some go through a tunnel, and some don't go through at all.
The phospholipid bilayer is a selectively permeable membrane
Common medical procedures for an isotonic saline solution
IU's
Skingraphs
Eyedrops
Outline formation of the nucleus
Prokaryotes grow in size and develop fold ins
Infoldings pinch off forming all internal membrane
The nucleus region is enclosed and becomes the nucleus
What are processes involving Mitosis
Growth
Asexual Reproduction
Tissue Repair
Embryonic Development
Name given to few genes that can become cancerous after mutating
What are Oncogenes
Four ways to maximize the rate of diffusion of a substance across a membrane
SA to Volume ratio, increase SA
Concentration Gradient
Increase temperature
Move proteins within the membrane
Difference between Uniport, Symport, and Antiport
Uniport-single substances, single direction
Symport-two substances, two directions
Antiport-two substances, opposite directions
Outline Endosymbiosis
The mitochondria and cytoplasm entering the cell
Nucleus, ER, Golgi originated from folds in the plasma membrane
Why do eukaryotes need to use mitosis in cell division while prokaryotes do not?
Eukaryotic have a nucleus that contains chromosomes, while prokaryotes don't contain a nucleus
Why does a mutation in oncogenes sometimes result in cancer
Malfunction in control of cell cycle, uncontrolled cell divison
Difference between Solute, Solvent, and Solution
Solute-what is being dissolved
Solvent-is doing the dissolving
Solution-two substances mix together
A small spherical package that buds off the rER and the Golgi apparatus. It carries proteins produced by ribosomes from the rER to the Golgi, they are prepared for export from the cell via another.
What is a vesicle
Describe the evidence supporting the theory for mitochondria and chloroplast
Mitochondria and chloroplast contain their own DNA
Double membrane
70s Ribosomes
Same size as bacterial cell
Replicate on own in a similar process to binary fusion
Transcribe the DNA
Difference between Chromosomes and Chromatids
Chromatids are unraveled condenses the structure of DNA for purposes of packing.
Chromosomes are the hyper condensed structure of the DNA double helix for proper seperation
The collective name was given to chemical that causes mutation
What are Carcinogens