Definitions
This is a change in the allele frequency of a population’s gene pool over successive generations
What is Evolution?
A fossil found 1000 meters below surface level would be older or younger than a fossil found at 100 meters below surface level.
What is Older?
In order for natural selection to take place this must be present in the population.
What is variation?
These are the two types of speciation.
What are allopatric and sympatric?
These are characteristics that make an organism suited to its environment.
What are adaptations?
This is the measure of a species ability to survive, reproduce, and contribute genes to the next generation.
What is Fitness?
Dating fossils by the rock layer it was found is this law.
What is Law of Fossil Succession?
Species tend to produce more offspring than can survive which leads to this struggle for survival.
What is Competition?
This type of speciation involves a geographic barrier that separates the population.
What is Allopatric?
What is Vestigial Structure?
These encode for heritable characteristics.
What are genes or alleles?
Whale fins and bird wings have the same bone structure, although used for different functions (swimming vs. flying). This is an example of what type of structure?
What is Homologous Structure?
In a population with variation there will be differential reproduction, which means that not all organisms will survive to reproduction age... due to THIS.
What is Selection or Environmental Pressures?
This must occur in a population for speciation to occur.
What is isolation?
In the hardy-weinberg equation these letters/numbers are given to represent each genotype in a population.
What is p2 - homozygous dom, 2pq - heterozygous, q2 - homozygous recessive
This is a population of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
What is Species?
Studying the development of living things pre-birth or in the womb is called this.
What is Embryology?
Dog breeding or farmers that crossbreed crops are example of this.
What is artificial selection or selective breeding?
These are the two types of isolation that occur within populations.
What is pre-zygotic and post-zygotic isolation?
Predators and disease are an example of this type of selection pressure.
What are density-dependent factors?
This is the rapid evolutionary diversification of a single ancestral line into many. For example, Darwin's finches.
What is Adaptive Radiation?
The evidence of evolution tells us this about living things.
What is they share a common ancestor?
A mnemonic was given to help remember the key componenets of natural selection. Name the mnemonic and state what each letter stands for.
I - inherited variability
C - Competition for survival
E - Environmental Pressures
A - Adaptation
G - Genotype Frequency
E - Evolution
These are two paces in which speciation can occur.
What is gradualism and punctuated equilibrium?
What are antibiotics?