Xylem Structure/ Function
The ________ are reinforced to handle the pressure of water moving up the xylem
What are the cell walls?
These are the most highly specialized cell type found in plants as they don’t contain a nucleus and lack many organelles
What are sieve element cells?
The ________ is where the organic compounds are synthesized (example: leaves)
What is source?
Transpiration is the inevitable consequence of this in the leaf
What is gas exchange?
The purpose of the xylem
What is to transport water up the plant?
These are very large, thin pores that facilitate the exchange of materials between element cells
The _____ is where the compound is delivered to for use or storage (example: roots/ fruits/ seeds)
To allow carbon dioxide in, this must open, and while it is open, some water vapor is released
What is the stomata?
When the xylem are damaged in a plant, they have to __________
What is rebuild it completely?
The phloem moves sugars & proteins from these to the rest of plant
What are leaves?
Sugars are principally transported as this because it is soluble but metabolically inert
What is sucrose?
Light energy converts water in the leaves to this, which evaporates from the leaf via stomata
What is water vapor?
The ________ property of water and the structure of the xylem vessels allow transport under tension
What is cohesive
These are responsible for transporting materials around the plant, to sink tissues, and also facilitate the loading of sieve tubes with glucose, and unloading at the sink tissues.
What are companion cells?
These are transported from sources to sinks via a vascular tube system called the phloem
What are organic compounds?
When water is absorbed from the soil by the roots, it creates a difference in this between the leaves and roots
What is pressure?
The _________ property of water and evaporation generate tension forces in leaf cell walls
What is adhesive?
Sugars are moved to the phloem through this
What is active transport?
Sometimes, ________ turn into ________ or vice versa, so the tubes in phloem must be able to transport biochemicals in either direction
What is sinks turn into sources/ sources turn into sinks?
Water will flow along this to replace the water lost from leaves
What is the pressure gradient?