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Biological
Cognitive
Sociocultural
Human Relationships
Research methods and ethics
100
Which study would be the best to use for the following question: Explain one study related to localization of function in the brain.
What is Sperry and Gazzaniga
100
What study should be referenced in questions regarding ethics?
Maguire
100
What are two good studies to examine in terms of ethics in this level of analysis?
Zimbardo and Milgram
100
List 7 symptoms of depression
1. Reports (by self or others) of depressed mood most of the day each day 2. Reports (by self or others) of significantly lowered interest or pleasure in activities most of the day each day. 3. Changes in appetite (increases or decreases almost every day) or weight (5% gain or loss) 4. Insomnia/hypersomnia almost every day. 5. Others report that the person is physically over or under active. 6. The person is tired or has low energy almost every day. 7. The person feels worthless/guilty. 8. The person cannot concentrate/is indecisive. 9. The person frequently thinks about dying (not just fears of dying). May think about suicide (can be just thoughts, or plans, or attempts).
100

This term refers to a limitation of highly artificial laboratory experiments. 

What is ecological validity?
200
The assumption that each action or set of actions corresponds to a certain part of the brain.
localization of function
200
What do LASS, and ZPD stand for, and who came up with each of them?
Bruner LASS - language acquisition support system Vygotzky ZPD - zone of proximal development
200
Discuss the terms "culture" and "cultural norms"
Culture: A unique meaning and information system, shared by a group and transmitted across generations, that allows the group to meet basic needs of survival, pursue happiness and well-being, and derive meaning from life. Cultural Norms: The expected behavior of a cultural group.
200
List 4 symptoms of PTSD.
1. Flashbacks: reliving the trauma 2. Physical: racing heart and sweating 3. Feeling tense or “on edge” 4. Having difficulty sleeping and having angry outbursts
200

List 5 studies that could be used for examples in the cognitive level of analysis

1. Maguire 2. Loftus 3. Bruner and Vygotsky 4. Ekman 5. Cole

300
Dr. Money was the researcher in this case study.
John/Joan
300
Outline principles that define the cognitive level of analysis.
1. Cognitive psychologists assume that there is an important biological basis for all human cognitive processing and its resultant behavior but focus research on how the brain translates into mind. 2. Mental processing in the mind can be studied scientifically. Theories of cognitive processing are studied through various methods. 3. Behavior change is explained as a result of cognitive processing that goes on in the mind.
300
What are the principles that define this level of analysis?
1. Social psychology is influenced by the presence of other human beings 2. Human behavior is explained more by the social situation more than the personality 3. Importance of social situation evolved as the most important adaptation for survival 4. Humans need other people for basic survival, we are driven by core motives that help us survive in groups
300
What are 4 elements of abnormality?
1. Suffering 2. Maladaptiveness 3. Deviancy 4. Violation of the standards of society 5. Social discomfort 6. Irrationality and unpredictability
300
List 5 studies that could be used as examples in the sociocultural level of analysis.
1. Zimbardo 2. Milgram 3. Tajfel 4. Jones 5. Yuki
400
When a chemical agent, released by a brain cell, travels across a synapse to either inhibit or excite a target cell
neurotransmission
400
Organizational framework of the mind
schema theory (Bartlett)
400
Define the terms "temponomic" and "temponostic".
Temponomic: Future-oriented (associated with individualistic societies) Temponositc: Present-oriented (associated with collectivist societies)
400
How do biological, cognitive, and sociocultural factors influence abnormal behavior?
Biological Some disorders may be genetic Genetic mutations can occur and cause abnormal behavior Cognitive Problems in cognition can be perceived as abnormal behavior Sociocultural Abnormal behaviors can be influenced by the situation and the environment
400
State the four ethical guidelines.
What is the right to informed consent, the right to be free from harm, the right to confidentiality, and the right to debriefing.
500
What are the two best examples that could be used to answer the following question: Discuss the use of brain imaging technologies in investigating the relationship between biological factors and behavior
Maguire's study of London taxi drivers and Sperry and Gazzaniga's study on split-brain patients
500
State 5 research methods used at this level of analysis and describe or provide an example for each.
1. Experiments: Show cause and effect (Maguire, Loftus, etc.) 2. Correlation studies: Used to show relationships between variables when it is impossible to do so in a lab. 3. Naturalistic observation: Micheal Cole 4. Interviews: Allows for gathering of specific information that can't be obtained in an experiment. 5. Questionnaires: Flashbulb memories 6. Case studies: Genie, John/Joan, Phinneas Gage 7. Psychobiological research: Provides evidence for what happens in the brain during cognition
500
What are the six psychological principles that organize compliance techniques?
1. Reciprocity: People are more likely to comply with requests from someone who has done them a favor. 2. Social Validation: People are more likely to comply with people who think and do things in a similar way. 3. Commitment/Consistency: People are more likely to comply with a request if they have already committed to a similar request. 4. Friendship/Liking: People are more likely to comply with requests from people who are liked. 5. Scarcity: If an item is perceived as scarce, people are more likely to try and get it. 6. Authority: Requests from authority figures are more likely to be followed.
500
List 3 examples of biomedical, individual, and group approaches to treatment.
Biomedical 1. Drug therapy 2. Acupuncture 3. Herbal medicine 4. Dietary Change 5. Exercise Individual 1. Cognitive therapy 2. Humanistic therapy 3. Behavior therapy Group 1. Family Therapy 2. Marital Therapy 3. Group Psychotherapy
500
Universal concepts versus culture-specific aspects of those concepts.
What is etics versus emics