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ethics
methods
crime
addiction
100
name one modern ethical consideration that Zimbardo violated in his Prison study
Must name an ethical consideration from p.22
100
A statistical measure of how closely scores are grouped around the mean
Standard deviation
100
a hormone highly positively correlated with aggression and therefore violence is:
testosterone
100
" . . .pathological gamblers are relatively unaffected by their losses and attend almost exclusively to their seldom occurring gains," Which approach (LOA) is tken here?
Cognitive (CLOA)
200
name a study (on humans) that used deception.
various answers possible. should be able to specifically name the deception.
200
Which of the following is a statistical measure that helps determine reliability of a procedure. a) mean b) range c) standard deviation d) median
c) SD
200
what two types of studies would be employed to determine the heritability (genes) of criminal behavior. This is not a question about research methods.
twin studies adoptions studies
200
In an experiment, a researcher is presenting hungry volunteers with neutral images, such as nature scenes, on a computer screen. That cue is paired with a reward of popcorn delivered through plastic tubes. Later, Wardle shows volunteers a series of images and measures their affinity for pictures that were previously paired with popcorn. What design is this experiment? why?
repeated measures. All S's experience both images w/ and w/o popcorn.
300
Give one reason why Rosenthal & Jacobsen's '68 study of teacher expectations on student performance may have been unethical?
should be able to name spec. aspect of procedure (some students given a 'better education' than others) and refer to one of the aspects of ethics on p.22
300
What was the IV in Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment
Whether the S was placed in the role of guard or prisoner
300
"Rich kids don't steal bikes, they steal cars." This comment is most reflective of which Level of Analysis?
SCLOA
300
Researchers interviewed almost 6,000 smokers who had tried to quit on their own without counseling from a health professional. About a fifth of those who said they were using e-cigarettes had stopped smoking at the time of the survey, compared with about a tenth of people who had used patches and gum. [NYT - 5/20/14] What's the IV and DV in the study?
IV - use e cig's or no? DV - stopped smoking?
400
Give a justification for deception in Migram's Obedience Study where you refer to external validity. Use proper research terminology.
One possible answer is that the subject's belief that the 'learner was being harmed' at least put them in a psychological reality that was ecologically valid, even if mundane reality was not (very strange circumstances to be in compared to day-to-day life for these S's).
400
Kazamatsu and Hirai use what method and what design to study the effects of the environment on neurotransmission?
field experiment, repeated measures
400
pro-violence attitudes and the criminality of parents and siblings during childhood have been found to predict adolescent gang membership and delinquency (Farrington et al., 2001; Hill et al., 1999) this suggest what research method? What two variables measued?
correlation study v1 - attitudes toward violence before committing any v1 - parent criminality v2 - gang membership v2 - delinquency
400
researchers at Northwestern University have analyzed the relationship between casual use of marijuana and brain changes – and found that young adults who used cannabis just once or twice a week showed significant abnormalities in two important brain structures. what is the IV and DV
IV - how often marijuana is used DV - degree of change in studied brain structures
500
Identify a study that made use of the covert naturalistic observation method. -name of lead scientist -year -theory under study
one possibility is : -Festinger -1956 -cognitive dissonance or when disconfirmation of beliefs leads to increased conviction
500
"Longitudinal work indicates that experiences of academic failure, school marginalization, and peer rejection interact to produce affiliations with similarly rejected, deviant, and/or gang-involved peers." This suggest crime was approached by the scientists in which level of analysis? Why?
Answers will vary. Arguments could be made in both the CLOA (sense of self-efficacy) and SCLOA (situation of formal school creates marginalization, rejection, -> behavior)
500
For their most recent study, Breiter and his team {Northwestern University] analyzed a very small sample of patients between the ages of 18 and 25: 20 marijuana users and 20 well-matched control subjects. The marijuana users had a wide range of usage routines, with some using the drug just once or twice a week and others using it every single day. Utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the researchers analyzed the participants’ brains, focusing on the nucleus accumbens (NAC) and the amygdala – two key brain regions responsible for processing emotions, making decisions and motivation. They looked at these brain structures in three different ways, measuring their density, volume and shape. Evaluate the study: 1 positive / 1 negative
various