Digestion
The long tube that makes up most of the digestive system is called the______________________.
Alimentary Canal
The monomers of carbohydrates, called ___________, are absorbed by the digestive system.
monosaccharides
name the 3 major components of the blood system
blood; blood vessels; heart
Ventilation = ____________ + ______________
inspiration + expiration
OR
inhalation + exhalation
A small artery is called _______________
an arteriole
pancreas and liver
What organ of the digestive system absorbs the majority of solid nutrients (aka not water)?
small intestines
What is the term that describe when a chamber of the heart is at rest?
diastole
_____ diffuses out of alveoli while _____ diffuses into the alveoli
CO2; O2
____________is the movement of food through the digestive system caused by smooth muscle contraction
peristalsis
What are the two types of smooth muscle that surround the alimentary canal?
circular and longitudinal
After food leaves the small intestine it enters the ________________
large intestine.
compare and contrast arteries and veins
arteries: thick walls w/ smooth muscle; high pressure; no valves; away from heart
veins: thin walls w/o muscle; low pressure; valves; toward heart
If the volume of the thoracic cavity increases then the pressure ____________ and results in ____________.
decreases; inhalation/inspiration
The only artery that carries deoxygenated blood is the _______________________.
Pulmonary artery
What are the substrate and products of maltase?
Substrate: maltose
Products: 2 glucose
What 2 structures increase the surface area of the small intestine to increase absorption efficiency?
villi and microvilli
After the blood leaves the left atrium it enters the ______________.
Which muscles contract during exhalation?
internal intercostal muscles
__________________s proliferate into specialized alveolar cells designed for diffusion
Type II pneumocytes
List the 3 enzymes produced and secreted by the pancreas.
Lipase, amylase, endopeptidase (ex: trypsin)
What type of transport do fatty acids utilize to cross the epithelial cell membrane?
simple diffusion
What part of the brain controls the increase of the heart beat?
medulla
What features do alveoli have that make them well suited for gas exchange?
high surface area:
Type I pneumocytes are long and thin.
Type II pneumocytes produce and secrete surfactant to reduce sticking
The small vessel of the lymphatic system in a villus is called a
lacteal