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Influenza
Isolation
Standard Precautions
Tuberculosis
Bioterrorism
100
The day before a person feels ill with the following symptoms: fever, cough, sore thoart, muscle/body aches, headache, fatigue, runny or stuffy nose and some people may have vomiting and diarrhea (common in children).
At what point is someone infectious with influenza?
100
Airborne Precautions
When do you use the N95 mask?
100
Do not recap, bend, break, or hand-manipulate; if recapping is required, use a one-handed scoop technique only; use safety features when available; place in puncture-resistant container
What is needle or sharp?
100
TB is spread throuth the air from one person to another. The person with active TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs or sneezes. People nearby may breath in these bacteia and become infected.
How is Tuberculosis (TB) spread?
100
Cutaneous: Person-to-person transmission from contact with lesion of untreated patient possible, but extremely rare. RT and GIT: Person-to-person transmission does not occur. Aerosolized powder, environmental exposures: Highly infectious if aerosolized
What is the mode of trasmission for Anthrax?
200
Young children, pregnant women, people with chronic health conditions, 50 years and older and Health Care Workers.
Who is at risk for serious flu complications?
200
Using gown, gloves, good hand hygiene and dedicated equipment for a hospitalized patient
What is contact precautions?
200
Develop procedures for routine care, cleaning, and disinfection of environmental surfaces, especially frequently touched surfaces in patient-care areas.
What are environmental controls, know as high-touch frequent cleaning?
200
Unexplained weight loss, loss of appetite, night sweats, fever, fatigue, chills and Symptoms of TB of the lungs 1. coughing for 3 weeks or longer 2. Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) 3. Chest Pain
What are the signs and symptoms of TB?
200
Ptosis, generalized weakness, dizziness, dry mouth and throat, blurred vision, diplopia, dysarthria, dysphonia, and dysphagia followed by symmetrical descending paralysis and respiratory failure. Not transmitted from person to person. Exposure to toxin necessary for disease. Standard Precautions.
What is Botulism?
300
The single deadliest influenza pandemic occuring in three lethal waves between 1918-1919, kiling between 50-100 million people world wide.
What is the Spanish Flu pandemic?
300
For patients with respiratory symptoms,other than TB
When is droplet and contact precautions used?
300
During procedures and patient-care activities likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions, especially suctioning, endotracheal intubation
What is a Mask, eye protection (goggles), or face shield?
300
TB bacteria that becomes active in the immune system which cannot stop them from growing; usually has a skin test or blood test result indicating TB infection; may have an abnormal chest x-rary, or positive sputum smear or culture; has active bacteria in his/her body, usually feels sick and may have symptoms such as coughing, fever, weight loss; MAY SPREAD TB BACTERIA to others and needs treatment for active TB.
What is active TB?
300
Febrile illnesses with malaise, myalgias, headache, vomiting and diarrhea that are rapidly complicated by hypotension, shock, and hemorrhagic features. Massive hemorrhage in < 50% pts.
What are the clinical features of Ebola?
400
Cough or sneeze into your sleeve Wash your hands Use a tissue Hand Hygiene Offer a patient a mask Education
What is respiratory or cough etiquette?
400
Two days after completion of therapy (usually IV Vancomycin or PO Clindamycin) and Two sets of negative cultures taken two days apart from nares and One negative culture from original site of infection.
What are the requirements for MRSA clearance and removal from isolation?
400
During procedures and patient-care activities when contact of clothing/exposed skin with blood/body fluids, secretions, and excretions is anticipated..
What is a gown?
400
Combined use of Standard, Contact, and Airborne Precautionsb until all scabs have separated (3-4 weeks). Only immune HCWs to care for pts; post-exposure vaccine within 4 days. Vaccinia: HCWs cover vaccination site with gauze and semi-permeable dressing until scab separates (>21 days). Observe hand hygiene. Adverse events with virus-containing lesions: Standard plus Contact Precautions until all lesions crusted
What are the recommended precautions for smallpox?
500
1. an A (California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdmo9-like virus 2. an A (H3N2)virus antigenically like the cell-propagated prototype virus A/Victoria/361/2011 3. A B/Massachusetts/2/2012-like virus
What three viruses are the 2013-2014 trivalent influenza vaccine made up of?
500
Spores are not killed by alcohol hand sanitizer
What is C-Difficile?
500
After touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, contaminated items; immediately after removing gloves; between patient contacts. Single most effective way to prevent the spread of infection
What is Hand Hygiene?
500
HIV-AIDS Homelessness, stays in homeless shelter Illicit drug use Incarceration in correctional facitilty Nursing Home residents Substantial weight loss Chronic end stage renal disease
What are the risk factors for TB?
500
Pneumonic or typhoidal disease likely to occur after bioterrorist event using aerosol delivery. Infective dose 10-50 bacteria Person-to-person spread is rare. Laboratory workers who encounter/handle cultures of this organism are at high risk for disease if exposed. Standard Precautions
What is Tularemia?