Random
What does pruritis mean?
Itch
What types of bacteria is the MAC most effective against and what does it stand for?
Gram Negative
Membrane Attack Complex
What drug can cause ONLY nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity?
Aminoglycosides
What is a viral virulence?
The degree of ability of the virus to cause disease in the infected host
What is an adjuvant and what vaccines is it most commonly found in?
Added to vaccines to maximize the vaccines effectiveness and immunogenic response.
Commonly found in Modified Live and Killed Vaccines
What is the immunodiagnostic for Rabies?
Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test
What are the three major Semi-Pro/Pro APCs in the Adaptive Immune System?
Dendritic Cells, Macrophages, B Lymphocytes
What antiprotozoal drug leads to cardiotoxicity in horses?
Polyether ionophores
What viral enzyme is noted in retrotranscriptase?
RNA dependent DNA polymerase
What kind of immunity do vaccines create?
Adaptive Immunity
What is a neoplasm of sebaceous gland?
Malignant Adenocarcinoma
A deficiency in which innate immune cells would be most detrimental in the case of Strangles in horse?
Neutrophils
What are the adverse effects listed for quinolones/fluoroquinolones?
Cartilage damage in young/fast growing animals
What is the difference between viral drift and viral shift?
Drift - accumulation of random genetic mutations resulting in slow and sometimes minor changes in proteins
Shift - Sudden, major change in antigenicity of a virus
What vaccine type should NOT be given to pregnant animals as it may pose a risk to the fetus?
Live Attenuated Vaccines
What was the treatment for Scruffy?
Fenbendazole, a Benzimidazole
Which type of exudate can be described as connective (scar) tissue?
Fibrous Exudate
What ectoparasitic drug classification can be used as a topical flea treatment in dogs and cats that prevents fleas from biting?
Neonicotinoids
What is the rate of mutations in RNA viruses?
10-4
What type of vaccine will result in the best Cell Mediated Immune Response?
Modified Live Vaccine
What is the definition of seroconversion?
The detection of specific antibodies in the blood serum due to infection or immunization
What type of exudate contains lymphocytes and plasma cells and also appears pale and flat with no fluid component?
Lymphoplasmacytic Exudate
What antifungal drug can be used against organism causing dermatophytosis that can be used to treat ringworm but can leukopenia and anemia in cats?
Griseofulvin
What is the term used to describe viruses that differ drastically in their clinical behavior?
Biotypes
What is the difference between a side effect and an adverse reaction?
side effect - common but MILD consequence of vaccination
adverse effect - more serious but uncommon occurrence