Warriors
Kings
Family
Selfishness
Hubris
100

"Old King Priam stood on a high tower of the wall looking down on huge Achilles as the Trojans fled panic-stricken before him, and there was none to help them."

Achilles as great warrior - Book XXII

100

"Presently he came down from off the tower and with many a groan went along the wall to give orders to the brave guards of the gate. "Keep the gates," said he, "wide open till the soldiers come flying into the city,"

Priam - showing his love for Troy's soldiers

100

"...and the spear struck Achilles on the leg beneath the knee; the armor of newly made bronze rang loudly, but the spear recoiled from the body and did not pierce it, for the gods gift stopped it."

Achilles magic armor - gift from Thetis, mother

100

"'...Now, therefore, I shall go back to Phthia; it will be much better for me to return home with my ships, for I will not stay here dishonored to gather gold and substance for you.'"

Achilles quitting on his team.

100

"'...clasp his knees, and bid him give comfort to the Trojans. Let the Greeks be hemmed in at the sterns of their ships, and perish on the sea-shore, that they may reap what joy they may of their king, and that Agamemnon may rue his blindness in offering insult to the greatest warrior of the Greeks.'"

Achilles begging mother to punish Greek army via Zeus for his hurt feelings.

200

"'Hector,' he cried, 'my son, stay not to face this man alone and unsupported, or you will meet death at the hands of the son of Peleus, for he is mightier than you.'"

Priam describing Hector's chances against Achilles

200

"'I can do nothing but you suspect me and find it out. You will gain nothing from it, for I shall only dislike you the more, and it will go harder with you. Granted that it is as you say; I mean to have it so; sit down and hold your tongue as I bid you for if I once begin to lay my hands about you, though all heaven were on your side it would profit you nothing.'"

Zeus threatens to beat Hera for her disrespect/distrust.

200

"'Have pity!  It was foretold that in the end my own fierce hounds will tear me in pieces at my own gates after someone has beaten the life out of my body with sword or spear...'"

Priam trying to convince Hector to come in and save his father's life.

200

"Let the Greeks find me a prize in fair exchange to my liking, or I will come and take your own, or that of Ajax or of Odysseus; and he to whomsoever I may come to shall regret my coming."

Agamemnon demanding replacement for his prize before saving his troops from Apollo's arrows.

200

""Old man," said he, "let me not find you skulking about our ships, nor yet coming here again. Your scepter of the god and your flag of peace shall profit you nothing. I will not free her. She shall grow old in my house at Argos far from her own home, busying herself with her loom and visiting my bed; so go, and do not provoke me for I do not hesitate to spill the blood of a priest."

"

Agamemnon disrespects Apollo's priest who offers ransom for the return of his daughter.

300

"As serpent in its den upon the mountains, full fed with deadly poisons, waits for the approach of man- he is filled with fury and his eyes glare terribly as he goes writhing round his den..."

Epic Simile comparing Hector to a venomous snake.

300

"'Shame!  Oh troops, where are you running?/Now you show your speed? I’ll take on this one/And learn what man he is...'"

Sarpedon chastising his troops for running from Patroclus

300

"'Hector,' she cried, weeping bitterly the while, 'Hector, my son, respect this; have pity upon me too: if I have ever given you comfort from my own bosom, think on it now, dear son, and come within the wall to protect us from this man...'"

Hecuba bearing her bosom and trying to make Hector come withing the walls instead of fighting Achilles.

300

"What if I were to promise to give up Helen, who was the cause of all this war, and to let the Greeks divide the half of everything that the city contains among themselves?"

Hector thinks about bargaining with Achilles to save his own life.

300

"

“It is easy to guess, Partoclus, how you swore to savage Troy,/How you boasted to take the sweet daylight of liberty from our women,/To drag them off in ships to your own land, you fool!/Between you and those women there is Hector, and his war team,/Thundering out to fight!"

Hector taunts a dying Patroclus

400

"

Even as Ipagious touched the dead man (Sarpedon),/Hector hit him square upon the crest with a great stone./His skull split in two and helmet shattered, he fell prone upon the corpse.

"

Hector kills Greek warrior with one shot-rock and makes head explode.

400

"'King Agamemnon has dishonored him by taking his prize and keeping her. Honor him then yourself, great lord of kings, and grant victory to the Trojans, till the Greeks give my son his due and load him with riches in repayment.'"

Thetis begs Zeus to punish Agamemnon for Achilles honor.

400

“Aye, sorrow for me that in the scheme of things/he dearest of men to me must lie in dust before this/golden Greek,/Patroclus.

Zeus pondering saving Sarpedon

400

"By keeping Achilles command,/He might have fled the black fate of cruel Death,/But overpowering is the mind of Zeus forever."


Patroclus forgets his promise to Achilles and tries to take troy by himself.

400

"'Die; for my part I will accept my fate whenever Zeus and the other gods see fit to send it.'"

Achilles disregards Hectors warning about his coming death.

500

"Stooping low, he took up the golden breastplate/And buckled it over his own shoulders./The unbreakable metal seemed to fashion itself to his girth./Taking up the fallen shield and his own spear he faced the Greeks/And horrified they fled before him."

Hector makes Greek army flee before him

500

"'...my eyes see a man who is dear to me being pursued round the walls of Troy; my heart is full of pity for Hector, who has burned the thigh-bones of many a sacrifice in my honor; and now I see noble Achilles in full pursuit of him round the city of Priam.'"

Zeus thinking about saving Hector from Achilles.

500

"His heart was black with rage, and his eyes flashed fire as he scowled on Calchas and said, "Seer of evil, you never yet prophesied good things concerning me, but have ever loved to foretell that which was evil."

Agamemnon referring to the prophesy Calchas delivered that he must sacrifice his daughter.

500

"the rest of the Greeks with one voice were for respecting the priest and taking the ransom that he offered; but not so Agamemnon, who spoke fiercely to him and sent him roughly away."

Agamemnon denies Chryses attempt to ransom his daughter.

500

'"Hector, you thought that you should come off unharmed when you were robbing the body Patroclus, and thought not of myself who loved him...'"

Achilles says it is hector's ego that made him forget that killing Patroclus would cause Achilles to kill him.