Essential Questions
What was Populism?
What is the movement to increase the political power of farmers
What U.S. immigration station in New York Harbor opened in 1892?
What is Ellis Island
Why did immigrants and farmers move to cities in the 1890s despite the poor living conditions?
What are better job opportunities?
Social Darwinism suggested that success in society was based on _________ __________, which meant only the strongest people would succeed.
What system kept poor American farmers in debt because they constantly owed money to landowners?
What is sharecropping?
Why did the Populist party decline after the election of 1896?
What is they supported William Jennings Bryan who lost the election.
What law banned Chinese immigrants from entering the United States?
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act.
As cities grew, what problems did the people who lived in tenements have?
What is pollution, poverty, overcrowding, diseases, and dangerous living conditions?
During the Gilded Age, what belief justified why wealthy industrialists thought they deserved their money and power?
What is wealth equals superiority?
What laws enforced racial segregation in public places?
What are Jim Crow laws?
What did the philosophy of Social Darwinism say?
What is only the best people survived in industrial society.
What were examples of pull and push factors?
Pull- Jobs and Religious Freedom
Push- War, Famine, and Persecution
What political organization gained power in cities by helping immigrants with jobs and housing, but was very corrupt?
What is a political machine?
What was the concept that immigrants were chasing that said anyone could achieve success through hard work?
What is the American Dream?
What supreme court case made segregation legal by using the term "separate but equal"?
What is Plessy v Ferguson?
After immigrants arrived in large cities, they faced a lot of discrimination. They chose to live in these neighborhoods where they all shared the same culture, traditions, and support systems.
What are ethnic neighborhoods or ghettos?
What were some challenges in America?
Where to settle and how to find work
Had to learn new languages and customs
Taken advantage of by others
Since many city neighborhoods were divided by ________ _________, but public transportation allowed families to move away from the cities to ______________ areas.
What is social classes, suburban?
What businessman believed that the rich had the responsibility to give back to society? What was it shown in?
Who was Andrew Carnegie, Gospel of Wealth?
In 1892, what activist fought to end lynching in the United States?
Who was Ida B. Wells?
What were the three things southern states made mandatory to strip African Americans of their voting rights?
Poll Taxes
Literacy tests
Grandfather clause
Where did the group of "new immigrants" that settled in cities, were unskilled, and had fewer resources compared to earlier immigrants from other parts of Europe come from.
What is Southern and Eastern Europe.
By 1900, almost 15 million Americans lived in cities with over 50,000 people. What advantages did cities offer?
Manufacturing and transportation centers that were connected by railroads
Jobs for immigrants and rural Americans
Churches, Theaters, Museums, and social clubs provided entertainment.
Social Darwinism argued against helping the poor, but this belief supported the reform and improved society for everyone.
What is Reform Darwinism?
What activist believed that compromise was the best way to fight segregation? What activist countered that and believed the best way was to just demand an end to segregation?
Booker T. Washington- compromise
W.E.B DuBois- demand it