Hematologic
Bed rest reduces the mass of this by 5% to 25%
What is red blood cells
the lack of usual weightbearing forces acting on bones of the lower limb in the vertical position
What is one of the key elements of bed rest contributing to changes in the musculoskeletal system?
Disuse atrophy of muscle contributes to the loss of bone mass
What is disuse osteopenia?
Supine positioning and prolonged bed rest result in
What is diminished vital capacity?
Mood changes/emotional/psych concerns affecting 50% of patients in acute care settings
What are anxiety, agitation, depression, delirium?
Reduction in this component reduces in a diminished oxygen carrying capacity to exercising muscles
What is red blood cells?
skeletal muscle atrophy
What is the primary adaptive response to decreased use?
Associated with bed rest increases a patient's risk of bone fracture with even minor falls
What is reduced bone mineral density?
Abnormalities in respiratory muscle strength and limited tidal volume impact
What is the cough mechanism?
Presenting 3 varied forms with abrupt onset this diagnosis is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in acute care
What is delirium?
Reduced RBC's and contracted plasma volume may be represented by
What is a normal or elevated hematocrit?
Undergoes greater atrophy than its antagonist muscle
What is the quadriceps?
Normal homeostasis of the skeletal system involves
What is a balance among bone formation, osteoblastic function and bone resorption via the osteoclasts?
Glucose transport into the skeletal muscle is a primary function of this
What is glucose transporter protein 4 (Glut4)
One cardiovascular function declining with bedrest/immobility
exercise tolerance/VO2 max
resting and maximum stroke volume
orthostatic tolerance
Cardiac output
An elevated hematocrit increases resistance to
Type of muscle fiber that decreases in size to a greater extent than other types of muscle fibers
What is fast twitch?
Bony sites in this area are most suspectible to bone loss secondary to disuse
What is weightbearing lower extremities?
Glucose intolerance due to decreases in insulin receptor sensitivity have been demonstrated after how many days of bed rest
What is 3 days?
One thing that increases in the cardiovascular system with bedrest/immobility
What is
resting heart rate
venous compliance
An elevated HCT increases the risk of
What is DVT?
What position enhances atrophy of muscles in immobilization?
What is "shortened position"?
Loss of bone mineral density is greatest in this bone
What is the calcaneus?
An explanation for the reduced RBC count associated with prolonged bed rest is
What is decreased erythropoietin concentrations?
The changes in the thermoregulatory ability of the body result in
What is increases in internal core temperatures with exercise stimuli?