.
What are the 2 lines of defense for Nonspecific defense?
1. skin, sweat, mucus & tears
2. immune response- fever, macrophages, inflammation
What does antibody mediated immunity(humoral) do?
Does it involve B or T cells?
antibody mark pathogen for destruction by macrophages
involves B-cells
Acquired immunity
after exposure to antigen & a memory B or T cell is made
What are plasma cells?
make antibodies
What is Immune response?
pathogens are recognized by antigens
Active immunity
you make the antibodies in response to antigen
A vaccine is an example of __________ immunity.
active immunity
What does cell mediated immunity do?
Does it involve B or T cells?
Attacks infected self cells
contains T-cells
Helper T-cells
Recognize antigen & recruit other cells to fight & invader, tells B-cells to make antibodies & attract cytotoxic killer T-cells
What do Lymphocytes (B & T cells) do
B-cells create antibodies & have memory
T-cells recognize & kill pathogen
How is the pathogen recognized in specific defense?
by its specific antigen
Fever
body raises temperature to slow down the growth & replication of pathogen
Suppressor T cells
Release chemicals to suppress the activity of T and B cells from overreacting or harming body
passive immunity
you obtain antibodies from another source
(does not produce his or her own antibodies, but rather receives them directly from another source)
What are B-memory cells ?
remember antigen incase of 2nd infection
Memory T-cells
will cause secondary response if same antigen invades again
What is specific defense?
the immune system attacks a specific pathogen
What is the response for cell mediated immunity?
T-cells carry out cell mediated immunity bc if pathogen gets inside cell then the antibodies can't destroy them alone, infected self cell displays antigens from the pathogen on cell membrane, T- cells divide and differentiate & kill infected cell
skin is a physical barrier to keep pathogens out of body & contains lysosomes & other chemicals to kill bacteria what line of nonspecific defense is this?
first line
What is the secondary response for Humoral immunity (antibody mediated)?
encounter same pathogen again, 2-3 days to respond, B-memory cells respond faster to make antibodies
Macrophages
WBC designed to eat pathogens
Cytotoxic killer T-cells
kill infected cell by injecting toxic chemicals
What are the two types of specific defense?
antibody mediated immunity (humoral)
cell mediated immunity
What is the primary response for Humoral immunity (antibody mediated)?
first you encounter pathogen, 3-6 days to launch immune attack, Helper T-cells signal B-cells to divide & differentiate to produce plasma cells & B-memory cells.
Inflammation
infected areas that swells with lymph & blood brining WBC & macrophages fight pathogens