Show:
Microbes
Lymphatic System
Immune Response
Antibodies
Natural and Artificial Immunity
100
What are the 4 types of microbiology?
food, pharmaceutical, environmental, medical
100
Where are the major lymph nodes?
neck, armpits, groin
100
What type of infections do interferon's attack?
viral
100
What is the difference between antibody mediated and cell mediated immunity?
antibody mediated immunity attacks threats outside of the cell and cell mediated immunity attacks infected cells
100
What is natural and artificial immunity?
Natural is from having an infection; artificial is from medical intervention
200
What is a decomposer?
microbe that recycles nutrients
200
Where are T lymphocytes located?
thymus
200
What are the third line defenses?
antibody and cell mediated immunity
200
What is apoptosis and which cells go through it?
programmed cell death that infected cells that have been treated with granzymes during cell mediated immunity go through apoptosis
200
What is active and passive immunity?
Active: you make your own antibodies either from infection or a vaccine; Passive: you are given antibodies either from mother to fetus or through injections
300
What is a pathogen?
microbe that causes disease
300
Where do you find red bone marrow?
long bones in children
300
What are the first and second line defenses in nonspecific immunity?
physical/chemical barriers; phagocytosis, inflammation, fever
300
What is an APC?
Antigen Presenting Cell; brings pieces of antigen to cells to join with MHC markers to form an MHC complex
300
What are allergies and the antibody involved?
Allergies are harmless substances that cause an immune response due to the antibody IgE
400
What are the different types of microbes?
bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, parasitic worms, prions, decomposers
400
What are the primary and secondary lymphatic organs and what do they do?
Primary: red bone marrow, thymus; Secondary: spleen, lymph nodes
400
Explain Inflammatory response.
mast cells release histamine which causes vasodilation; increased blood flow causes warmth and redness and more leukocytes come to the area; neutrophils begin phagocytosis and release cytokines that call for more macrophages
400
What are MHC and how are they used?
Major Histocompatibility Complex; labels body as self, sticks out of cell membrane for T cells to bind to and release cytokines
400
What is anaphylactic shock and how is it caused?
It is a whole body allergic response that is a result from extreme vasodilation
500
What do granzymes and perforins do?
granzymes cause a cell to go to apoptosis; perforins punch holes in infected cells
500
What is the white and red pulp of the spleen?
white pulp has lymphocytes; red pulp filters erythrocytes
500
What is the complement system and its functions?
attracts phagocytes, binds to the pathogen, membrane attack complex, triggers inflammation, for bacterial infections
500
What are the 5 types of antibodies and the basic function of each?
IgM: first formed in infant for the first infection; IgD: surface of immature B cells; IgG: main antibody in circulation; IgA: in milk and saliva; IgE: for parasitic infections and allergic response
500
What are immune disorder categories and examples in each?
Autoimmune: Multiple Sclerosis, Crohn's Disease, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Lupus, Rheumatoid arthritis; Immunodeficiency: SCID and HIV/AIDS