Immune Basics
What are Macrophages?
the immune systems first responders that eat pathogens.
what are neutrophils?
these cells sacrifice themselves by releasing chemicals or DNA traps.
what is lymph fluid?
the lymphatic systems main job is to return excess, cleansed ____ to the bloodstream. It acts as a filtration system to remove the "bad stuff"
what are tonsils?
these are found in the throat and help trap pathogens
what are T cells?
the immune systems "soldiers" that attack invaders.
what is lymph?
the watery fluid that circulates in the lymphatic vessels.
what are dendritic cells?
the "intelligence officers" that present antigens to T cells.
how many liters of plasma leaks into the tissues of the body daily.
20 liters.
what is the thymus?
this organ lies under the breastbone and helps T cells mature.
what is the overall purpose of the immune and lymphatic system?
protect and cleanse the body from virus' or infections.
what is permeable?
inflammation happens because blood vessels become more ______ . (fluids can pass in and out)
what are helper T cells?
these T cells coordinate immune responses by activating others.
what are subclavian veins? lymph is returned to the blood through the ____ veins.
what are subclavian veins?
what is the spleen?
this organ helps filter blood and removes old blood cells.
the immune response is triggered by chemical _____ from injured cells.
alarm signals.
which is slower? adaptive or innate?
the adaptive immune system is _____ but highly specific.
what are B cells?
these cells make antibodies
what is peristalsis?
smooth muscle contractions that move the lymph fluid along with the muscles and valves.
what is bone marrow?
the soft tissue inside bones that produces immune cells.
what is the largest duct/vessel in the body?
the thoracic duct or thoracic vessel
what are complement proteins?
the proteins that puncture bacteria in the bloodstream.
what are memory cells?
these cells remain after infection to prevent reinfection.
tiny vessels that pick up fluid from tissues.
what are lymphatic capillaries
what are lymph nodes?
bean-shaped structures that filter the lymph fluid (removes bad stuff from the lymph fluid so it can be returned to the body)
what are B cells?
the cells that make antibodies and are often called "plasma cells"