Drug Basics
Name 4 types of immune modulators
Immune check point inhibitors, Monoclonal antibodies, cytokines vaccines?
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are mainly used for____.
Cancer treatment
What is a common side effect of Immune checkpoints inhibitors?
Fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, rash, poor appetite, and muscle and Joint pain
Biological agents ______ the immune response to disease
Enhances
Which type of patients should use immunomodulators with caution?
Patients with autoimmune diseases
What is the common ending for Monoclonal Antibodies?
-mab
What type of cancer are checkpoint inhibitors commonly used for?
Breast cancer, Metastatic cancer, lung cancer
What are chronic adverse effects of Immune checkpoint inhibitors?
Rash, Hypothyroidism, Adrenal insufficiency, arthritis
This drug act as a clone of naturally produced antibodies in response to an infectious disease.
Monoclonal antibodies
What essential Pre-administration assessment should be conducted before administrating immunomodulators?
Checking for infections, immune disorders, and baseline kidney function (kidney, liver, heart.)
The Drug Erythropoietin is a part of what drug class?
Cytokines
Name 3 diseases immunomodulators are used to treat?
HIV, Inflammatory bowel disease, cancer
What are minor side effects of Monoclonal Antibodies?
Flu like symptoms, Localized injection site reactions, rash, N/V/D
What is the action of negative immune check point inhibitors?
Shuts T cells off
Why are Immunomodulators contradicted in patients with Active Tuberculosis?
Suppress the immune system, allowing latent TB to become active
The drug avelumab (Bavencio) is a part of what drug class?
Immune checkpoint Inhibitors
What are monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) used to treat?
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cancer, Autoimmune diseases, Organ transplants, and viruses
What are rare side effects of cytokines?
Neurotoxicity
What is the action of synthetic Cytokines?
Mimick Natural cytokines to boost immune system and hemopoiesis
What long-term complications should nurses monitor for in patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors?
adrenal insufficiency, chronic inflammation, and organ toxicities (heart, kidneys, liver)?
Bonus: Name all six cytochrome enzymes are responsible for metabolizing 90% of drugs in the body.
CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4
What is the Cytokine drug Peginterferon alfa 2a used to treat?
Hepatitis B&C
Neuro toxicity is a side effect of what drug?
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune system?
act as chemical messengers to regulate inflammation and immune responses
Why should live vaccines be avoided in patients receiving immunomodulators?
suppress the immune system and increases infection risk