Antibodies
From what cell type are antibodies produced from?
TRUE OR FALSE: Acquired passive immunity lasts for a long time; years
FALSE: Acquired passive immunity lasts for a short time
Define antigen
Any substance that can stimulate an immune response
What are lymph nodes?
A bean-shaped structure that filters substances that travel through the lymphatic system
Why are fevers significant?
They return the body back to homeostasis by elevating the body temperature
What are antibodies composed of? ( ex. fatty acids, small proteins, etc.)
Glycoproteins
What life processes are associated with acquired passive immunity?
Gestation or nursing
Name the 2 types of antigens
TRUE OR FALSE: Acquired immunity is the first life of defense against a foreign body
FALSE: Innate immunity is the first line of defense against a foreign body
What is the purpose of dendritic cells?
They interact with antigens, presenting antigens to cells that will kill them
Describe the function of antibodies
When a woman is nursing, what provides her baby with immunity?
Colostrum
How are non-infectious antigens spread?
Air, fluid, contact and vectors
What on your body is a first line of defense and secretes sebum?
Skin
What is the purpose of natural killer cells?
They target virus-infected or abnormal cells, injecting them with proteins
Where can antibodies be found? (2 answers must be given)
On the surface of B cells or in free circulation
below 7.4 (ACIDIC)
Name an infectious antigen
Possible answers: Bacteria, viruses, protozoans, or helminths
What do macrophages secrete and why?
Secrete cytokines and transforming growth factor beta and they downregulate immune responses
What is the purpose of T cells?
They secrete cytokines that are essential for defense against pathogens, activation of cells, and coordination of immune response(s)
Name the TWO main types of antibodies and their purpose
IgM- predominant for primary immune responses
IgG- predominant in secondary immune responses
above 7.4
What is the purpose of administering vaccines?
Vaccines introduce bacteria to produce antibodies and a memory is created to attack that bacteria when it invades the system
What is the neutrophil mechanism of action?
1. Chemotaxis- chemicals are released causing inflammation
2. Attachment- antigen begins to adjust
3. Phagocytosis- antigen is engulfed and injested
4. Destruction
What is the purpose of B cells?
They secrete antibodies that bind to a specific antigen and act as antigen-presenting cells