Immune System Overview
Name an organ that plays a significant role in the humoral immune response?
Bone marrow
A vaccination or immunization gives a patient which type of immunity?
Active acquired immunity
A patient that has undergone a splenectomy is at greater risk for what type of condition?
Infections (pneumonia)
Vaccines create Acquired (Adaptive) immunity through the use immune cells B- cells and T-cells that provided responses that are:
delayed but targeted
The nurse is taking a medication history for a newly admitted patient. The patient states he is allergic to levofloxacin (Levaquin). Which response by the nurse is MOST appropriate?
"What happens when you take it?"
Which manifestation should the nurse expect if an allergic reaction develops to a bee sting?
Hives
Following an injury to your patient lower leg the nurse notes redness, swelling, heat, and pain. The nurse know this in the immediate immune response is the
Innate (natural) immune response
Long-term Chronic ____ Abuse disorder alters the body’s ability to launch an immune response.
Alcohol
The nurse is teaching a class for older adults regarding the importance of vaccinations. Which vaccine should the nurse suggest for this age group?
Pneumococcal vaccine
Which patient action indicates an understanding of how to control allergies to pollen?
Wear a mask when mowing the lawn.
A nurse is preparing to administer a varicella immunization to a client. The nurse should determine if the client is allergic to which of the following?
Gelatin
Which of the following patient scenarios explains how a patient can be protected by passive artificial immunity?
Receiving an injection with immune globulin.
Decreased Ciliary action results in decreased/slower removal of potentially harmful organisms. Where is ciliary located in the body?
Respiratory and GI System
Vaccines promotes memory cell development of disease protection through _______ _______ immunity?
Artificial Active
The nurse is caring for a patient who underwent a liver transplant and is taking cyclosporine (Sandimmune) and azathioprine (Imuran). Which important information should the nurse teach the patient regarding the medications?
Report signs of infection immediately.
A patient develops hyperpyrexia, and the nurse starts placing icepack in the groin and armpits because what organ is causing the body to raise its temperature?
hypothalamus
A patient that was bitten by a rattlesnake has received Antivenin (Antivenom). Antivenin results in life-long protection? T or F
A serum containing antibodies that neutralize the venom of poisonous animals. False
The thymus gland is where T lymphocytes mature and will be released into the bloodstream changes during development. How does age affect this gland?
Largest in adolescence and then Shinks over time, producing fewer T-cells.
A nurse is caring for a patient that received the bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine. The nurse understands that a tuberculosis (TB) skin test may result in:
Positive results
A nurse is caring for a patient that is immunosuppressed, which precautions should the nurse take in providing care?
Adhere to standard precautions and employ reverse isolation measures.
The immune system is made up of many different components, 3 of these include:
Bone Marrow, Thymus Gland, Lymph System (nodes, fluids, vessels), Tonsil, Spleen, Peyer patches
A new father comes to the clinic with complaints of symptoms related to the common cold. He verbalizes fear that he will give his 2-week-old baby his cold. The nurse can assure him that the baby is protected by which type of immunity?
Passive natural immunity
3 factors that interfere with normal immune response:
malnutrition, age, chronic disease, medication, stress, and lifestyle factors (smoking, sleep, etoh use)
Vaccines come in many different types. What is one type of vaccine, and are the charactertic of that type:
Live-attenuated, inactivated, toxoid, subunit
A 42 year old who is currently receiving Chemotherapy is requesting a flu vaccine. He would like to nasal spray to avoid a sore arm, as the nurse what is your concern about this vaccine?
The nasal spray is not advise as it is a live attenuated vaccine and not recommended for an immunocompromised patient.