Innate Immunity
What is the first physical barrier in the innate immune system (for humans)
Skin
What type of cells are involved in humoral immunity?
B cells
What shape are antibodies?
Y shaped
What type of T cell helps activate B cells and macrophages?
A helper T cell
What is the goal of vaccination?
Immunological memory
Name one type of phagocytic cell that engulfs pathogens
A macrophage or Neutrophil
What property of adaptive immunity allows for quicker future responses?
Adaptive / acquired response
/Memory
What are the cells that secrete antibodies called?
Plasma cells
What protein is found on helper T cells?
CD4
What kind of vaccine uses weakened version of the pathogens?
A live attenuated vaccine
What protein receptor recognizes general patterns on pathogens?
Toll-like receptor
What type of immunity involves T cells directly killing infected cells?
Cell mediated immunity
What are the Y-shaped proteins on B cell surfaces that bind to specific antigens?
B cell receptors
What kind of T cell directly kills infected or abnormal cells?
Cytotoxic T Cell
Name one autoimmune disease
Type one diabetes, lupus, sclerosis, etc
Which process causes blood vessels to widen during inflammation?
Vasodilation
Where do T cells mature?
What process causes B cells to make antibodies that match only one specific antigen?
Clonal selection
What is required for full T cell activation besides antigen recognition?
Co-stimulatory signals
What happens during an allergic reaction?
Immune system overreacts to a harmless substance
Which cells specifically release enzymes to combat parasitic worms?
Eosinophils
Which molecules help T cells recognize antigens on other cells?
MHC molecules
What does ADCC stand for?
Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity
What type of MHC molecule presents antigens from inside the cell?
MHC I
What type of immune disorder occurs when the immune system attacks the body's own tissues?
An autoimmune disease