misc.
What are two chains the light chain can be comprised of?
Kappa (κ) or Lambda (λ)
CD4+
Helper T cells & regulatory T cells
What on self cells distinguishes self cells from non-self cells?
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
What are the components of the external defense system?
Skin, mucosal membranes, respiratory tract, digestive tract, genitourinary tract, and microbiota.
What is your favorite immunoglobulin and why?
Any answer but IgG is correct. Don't be basic.
What portions make up the heavy chain?
Variable V, D, J, and constant C regions.
CD8+
Cytotoxic T cells
What do PRRs recognize on pathogens?
Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
Tonsils, appendix, and Peyer's patches are examples of?
Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
Who made the theory of clonal selection for antibody formation in 1950?
Jerne and Burnet
What portions make up the light chain?
Variable V, J, and C regions. No D region.
CD19, CD20, & CD21
B Cells
What receptors come in pairs are are specific for bacteria or fungi?
Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
What protein on the skin has anti-bacterial properties?
Psoriasin
Who discovered constant and variable portions were encoded by separate genes in 1965?
Dryer and Bennet
What is the major type of ILC?
Natural killer (NK) cells
CD138
Plasma Cell
What receptors bind to mannan and beta-glucans in fungal cells to activate cytokine and chemokine production?
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)
What is the purpose of the red pulp of the spleen?
The area is rich with macrophages which clear old/ damaged red blood cells.
Who discovered specific immunoglobulin gene segments are selected and joined together during B cell maturation in 1987?
Susumu Tonegawa
What does CD stand for?
Clusters of differentiation
CD16 & CD56
Natural Killer (NK) Cells
What kind of receptor recognizes RNA from RNA viruses to induce the production of inflammatory cytokines?
Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors (RLRs)
What is contained in the white pulp of the spleen?
Lymphoid tissue is arranged around arterioles in a periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) containing T cells. B cells are in follicles attached to the sheath.
Who developed the technique for making monoclonal antibodies in 1975?
Georges Kohler and Cesar Milstein