Turning the immune response on
These structures are where most B cells are found in secondary lymphoid organs.
What are the follicles?
Two key cytokines involved in inhibiting an immune response.
What are IL-10 and TGF-beta?
Edward Jenner used this virus as the first vaccine against smallpox.
What is cowpox?
This set of proteins is responsible for the trafficking of immune cells through tissues.
What are chemokines?
She is our commencement speaker this year.
Who is Laurene Jobs?
This surface protein has two chains, a peptide binding groove and interacts with both the TCR and CD4 molecules.
What is MHC Class II?
This immunosuppressive cell type is responsible for tolerance at the placenta and is not present in opossums.
What are regulatory T cells?
This component of vaccines is intended to stimulate the innate immune response.
What is an adjuvant
The first four CAR-T cell approved therapies target this antigen.
What is CD19?
He made surprise appearance at last year's virtual Penn graduation.
Who is John Legend?
This cell licenses APCs so that they can activate CD8+ T cells.
What is a helper T cell?
This coinhibitor binds the same ligand as CD28.
What is CTLA-4?
This FDA authorized vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 uses DNA and adenovirus.
What is J and J (or Janssen)?
A classic triplet of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
What are IL-1, TNF-alpha and IL-6?
Penn was founded in this year.
What is 1740?
These three cell types, once activated, can present antigen in both MHC Class I and MHC Class II.
This is an antibody class that Jenni is writing a lot about in her chapter on Barrier Immunity - it is found in mucosal tissues and helps to maintain tolerance to commensal microbes.
What is IgA?
Most vaccines against viruses are designed to generate these immune molecules that block entry into the cell.
What are neutralizing antibodies?
This bacterial metabolite depends on fiber ingestion.
What is butyrate (or SCFA)?
This is Penn's official motto.
What is "Leges sine moribund vanae"?
These two processes permanently alter the DNA coding for antibody during B cell development and activation.
What are VDJ rearrangement and somatic hypermutation?
This gene is located on the X-chromosome and plays a pivotal role in the development of Treg cells.
What is FoxP3?
The cancer vaccine Provenge (Sipuleucel-T) modifies these cells ex vivo, activating them with GM-CSF.
What are dendritic cells?
This product of gram negative bacteria binds to TLR4 and can induce fever in humans and death in mice.
What is LPS.
What is the official name of the red sculpture in the high rise field?
What is the Covenant?