Proteasome Inhibitors
What is the suffix for the medications in this category?
Mibs
What is the suffix of medications used in this class?
Nibs
Monoclonal antibody drugs end in what suffix?
mAbs
Define antigen and antibody
antibody: a blood protein produced in response to and that counteracts an antigen
antigen: substance found on the surface of the cell that causes the immune system to produce antibodies
What is an important nursing consideration for patients on tyrosine kinase inhibitors to manage GI side effects?
monitor for and manage symptoms; by making dietary changes needed
What does using proteasome inhibitors cause in the cell?
aptoptosis
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors are helpful of stopping the spread of what disease?
Cancers (melanoma, hepatocellular, thyroid, renal)
What is the MOA of mAbs?
It activates the body's natural immune response
First mAb approved for the treatment of allergy related asthma
Omalizumab
For patients receiving mAbs what is a common dermatological side effect that nurses should monitor for?
Rashes or skin reactions
What are two common toxicities when proteasome inhibitors are administered?
Cardiologic (heart failure and arrhythmias) and GI (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation)
Nibs are responsible block what in cells?
growth signals
What is the biggest advantage of mAbs?
affects the target cells without damaging healthy cells
Give the three drugs classified as interleukin antagonists that treat eosinophilic asthma
Mepolizumal, Benralziumab, and Reslizumab
What specific side effect of mibs requires regular monitoring of renal function?
acute kidney injury or nephrotoxicity
Give two risk factors that would increase the GI toxicity of proteasome inhibitors?
age, concurrent chemotherapy, radiation, colitis, IBS
Give one common toxicity of nibs
rash or diarrhea
List 3 commo applications for mAbs
cancer, asthma, hemophilia, c.diff, prevention of migraines, MS, RA
This drug is used to prevent migraine headaches by promoting vasodilation and release of inflammatory neuropeptides
Erenumab
What is a key nursing consideration when administering mAbs to manage the risk of hypersensitivity reactions?
premedication with antihistamines and corticosteroids; monitor VS closely during and after infusion
Mibs are substrates to what enzyme?
cytochrome P450
The MOA for nibs prevents what process? (equivalent to turning a switch off on the cell preventing replication)
phosphorylation
What are the 4 steps to develop a mAbs?
1. Protein (antibody) derived from a human, a mouse or rodent, or combo of the two
2. An antigen is introduced to a host; the host makes antibodies
3. The cells with antibodies are combined with tumor cells to form hybridomas
4. Once cells divide to make enough copies, the antibodies are isolated to make a drug
what adverse reaction to mAbs can cause pro-inflammation cytokines that produces symptoms such as n/v, fever, diarrhea, and rash?
cytokine release syndrome
What is an essential nursing intervention to monitor and manage cardiovascular risks in patients on nibs?
Regularly assessing for sx of cardiovascular events such as HTN or heart failure and performing periodic cardiac evaluations (ECG)