Ideas and Ideology
This belief held that the United States was destined to expand across the continent and later influenced expansionist thinking.
What is Manifest Destiny?
This 1898 conflict ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and expanded U.S. influence into the Pacific.
What is the Spanish-American War?
This president's foreign policy became associated with the phrase “Speak softly and carry a big stick.”
Who is Theodore Roosevelt?
This naval strategist argued that sea power and a strong navy were essential to national power.
Who is Alfred Thayer Mahan?
Name one of the four categories used in our notes to explain U.S. expansionist foreign policy.
What are political factors, economic factors, social factors, and the role of ideology?
Announced in 1823, this doctrine warned European powers against further interference in the Western Hemisphere.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
This U.S. battleship exploded in Havana Harbor in February 1898, killing about 260 crew members.
What is the USS Maine?
This president promoted Dollar Diplomacy, using American financial power and investment to advance U.S. interests.
Who is William Howard Taft?
Roosevelt sent this fleet of American battleships on a global voyage to demonstrate U.S. naval strength.
What is the Great White Fleet?
After the Spanish-American War, the United States gained territories in the Caribbean and the Pacific. What does this suggest about the changing reach of American power?
U.S. power expanded beyond the continental United States, giving the country a greater overseas presence and influence in the Pacific.
This idea applied "survival of the fittest" to societies and was used to justify the dominance of supposedly stronger nations.
What is Social Darwinism?
This amendment stated that the United States did not intend to annex Cuba.
What is the Teller Amendment?
This president promoted Moral Diplomacy, emphasizing human rights and constitutional liberty while still using intervention.
Who is Woodrow Wilson?
This strategic waterway, opened in 1914, shortened the sea route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
What is the Panama Canal?
This president initially opposed a war of conquest but was in office when the Spanish-American War occurred and Hawaii was annexed.
Who is William McKinley?
Explain why the Spanish-American War was a turning point in U.S. foreign policy. Include a change and the significance in your argument.
The war expanded U.S. power beyond the continental United States through overseas territories, including Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. It marked a shift toward a more active role in international affairs.
Rudyard Kipling's poem used this phrase to frame imperial expansion as a responsibility for the U.S.
What is "The White Man's Burden"?
Name the three territories the US acquired at the end of the Spanish-American War.
What are Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines?
One policy emphasized military strength and the threat of force; another emphasized loans, investments, and financial influence. Name both policies and their presidents.
Big Stick Diplomacy, Theodore Roosevelt
Dollar Diplomacy, William Howard Taft
Annexed by the United States in 1898, Hawaii offered value in many ways. Give me two examples.
What are sugar or pineapple plantations, and island strategy with Pearl Harbor?
This policy claimed the United States could intervene in Latin American countries whose financial instability might invite European intervention. Explain its relationship to the Monroe Doctrine.
What is the Roosevelt Corollary? It expanded the Monroe Doctrine by asserting a U.S. role in regional intervention and financial managment.
U.S. expansion was motivated by beliefs about American superiority, competition for markets, and strategic power. Name two different factors behind American expansionism.
What are ideology, economic, or political factors?
This amendment allowed U.S. intervention in Cuba under specified circumstances and restricted Cuba's ability to make certain treaties. Explain what this reveals about Cuban independence.
What is the Platt Amendment? Cuba was formally independent, but remained subject to U.S. influence.
Woodrow Wilson's administration sent U.S. forces to occupy this location in 1914, demonstrating the tension between his stated commitment to democracy and the use of military intervention.
What is Veracruz, Mexico?
This U.S. policy sought to preserve trade access in China.
What is Open Door Policy?
Make an argument about whether 1898 represented a turning point in U.S. foreign policy. Include one piece of evidence for change and one for continuity.
Change: overseas territorial acquisitions and Pacific involvement. Continuity: protecting U.S. trade, strategic interests, and the influence of the Monroe Doctrine.