Computing Bias
100: This term describes a prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person,
what is bias
his refers to the gap between demographics and regions that have access to modern information and communications technology and those that don't.
What is the Digital Divide?
This "online encyclopedia" is the most famous example of a crowdsourced knowledge project.
What is Wikipedia?
This is the legal right of a creator to protect their original work, such as software code or digital art, from being copied without permission.
What is copyright?
This is the practice of using a different, complex "key" for every online account rather than reusing the same one.
What is password hygiene (or using a password manager)?
This is the primary way bias enters an AI system; it happens when the information used to "teach" the machine lacks diversity.
What is biased training data?
Aside from location, this is the most common socio-economic factor that determines whether a household has high-speed internet.
What is income (or wealth)?
This term refers to the practice of funding a project or venture by raising small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically via the Internet.
What is crowdfunding?
Passed in 1998, this U.S. law criminalizes the production and dissemination of technology intended to circumvent measures that control access to copyrighted works.
What is the DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act)?
This security measure requires a user to provide two different authentication factors to verify themselves.
What is Two-Factor Authentication
Facial recognition systems have historically struggled with higher error rates for people with these skin tones.
What are darker skin tones?
This term describes the difference in technology access between people living in cities versus those living in the countryside.
What is the Urban-Rural divide?
This Google-owned navigation app uses crowdsourced data from drivers to provide real-time traffic and road alerts.
What is Waze?
This major European regulation (acronym) was implemented in 2018 to protect the privacy and personal data of individuals.
What is the GDPR?
This type of cyberattack uses deceptive emails or websites to trick users into revealing sensitive information like login credentials.
What is phishing?
This "loop" occurs when a biased algorithm makes a prediction, which then leads to actions that create more biased data for the next version of the algorithm.
What is a feedback loop? (or Algorithmic Reinforcement)
This is the "Second Level" of the digital divide, referring not to physical access, but to the lack of these required to use technology effectively.
What are digital literacy skills?
This Amazon service, often called "MTurk," provides a marketplace for "Human Intelligence Tasks" (HITs) that computers are currently unable to do.
What is Mechanical Turk?
This ethical dilemma involves a self-driving car being forced to choose between two different accidents; it is often used to discuss AI morality.
What is the Trolley Problem?
This software acts as a barrier between your internal network and the incoming traffic from the internet, deciding what to let through.
What is a firewall?
This specific type of bias occurs when the people designing an algorithm inadvertently include their own assumptions or preferences in the code.
What is developer (or implicit) bias?
This global initiative aims to provide low-cost, low-power laptops to children in developing countries to help bridge the divide. (extra)
What is One Laptop per Child (OLPC)?
This "citizen science" project allows the public to help classify galaxies using images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
What is Galaxy Zoo?
This is the legal doctrine that allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission for purposes like criticism, news reporting, or teaching.
What is Fair Use?
This specific type of malware encrypts a user's files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key.
What is ransomware?