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Government
Tests
Mongol rule
Agricultural Change
Comm/Urb
100
In order, a ruling class of noble families, rule by officials of proven merit, a highly complex body of workers with many levels of authority.
What are aristocracy, meritocracy, and bureaucracy?
100
During the Song dynasty, it became possible for all people to become scholar-officials. Why?
Because they could go to new state-supported schools and university.
100
What was the name of the Mongol leader who took control of China's Imperial city and named his dynasty Yuan and took the title of Emperor of China?
Kublai Khan?
100
A system of managing the wealth and resources of a community or region.
What is economy?
100
How did the rich contribute to the growth of trade?
They wanted luxury products, so the traders needed to supply them.
200
The name of China's Golden Age dynasty from 206 BCE to 220 CE,and the dynasty that reunited China after a period of chaos and division.
What are the Han Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty?
200
What was the process by which individuals could become scholar officials?
They had to pass a locally given test, then go to the capital and take an Imperial test.
200
Under Mongol rule, China was divided into four classes. Name them.
Mongols, foreigners, northern Chinese, southern Chinese.
200
What farm tool was pulled by a water buffalo to prepare the rice paddy for planting?
What is the harrow?
200
Name three ways a barge moved.
Pushed by a long pole, wind (sailed), rowed
300
How did the civil service examinations of the Tang dynasty, favor aristocrats?
Even though everyone could sit for exams, only the wealthy could afford the books needed to study with, the time off of work to study, and afford tutors.
300
What two measures were taken to prevent cheating on the tests?
Candidates were locked in a room for several days, a second person copied their answers so the examiners wouldn't know whose work they were reading.
300
Why did Mongol rulers have to give government positions to foreigners?
Because most Mongols were illiterate and they needed educated people in government positions to run the complex system of government.
300
By 1207, how many people lived in southern China? (50 million lived in northern China).
What is 65,000,000?
300
Name four products that traders brought back to China.
indigo, spices, ivory, coral, silver
400
Why was Zhu Xi important during the Song Dynasty?
His writings (The Four Books) became the basis of study for all civil service exams.
400
How did they ensure that government officials would not be corrupt?
They appointed them to cities far away from their hometowns.
400
Provide reasons why the civil service exams might have stood in the way of progress in China.
They did not value the sciences, math, or engineering so people with this knowledge were kept out of the government. Trade and commerce were not valued either.
400
Why did the population in southern China grow so large?
Because of the increase in the production of rice.
400
What is foot binding, why was it performed, and how did it affect women's status in society?
Tightly binding young girls' feet with cloth so that they do not grow, which is considered beautiful but resulted in a great difficulty walking - which resulted in less activity of women in the marketplace.
500
Which three philosophies were tested on the civil service exams? What was the name given to all three of these schools of thought?
What are Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism? What is neo-Confucianism?
500
What two privileges did officials enjoy?
They were exempt from paying taxes and from performing military service.
500
What is the name of the dynasty that followed the Mongol (yuan) dynasty? It began in 1368 and ended in......?
Ming.....ended in 1644.
500
What advantages did the new rice plant from Southeast Asia have?
It was resistant to drought, it matured in two months instead of five allowing farmers to plant at least two crops of rice a year.
500
Compare the population of Imperial China's big cities with Medieval Europe's big cities.
China's cities were up to 4 times as big (2 million people in Hangzhou)