Imperial Rivalries
What were European countries competing to gain during New Imperialism?
Raw materials, markets, territory, wealth, and national prestige.
Which two countries were involved in the Fashoda Incident?
Britain and France
Which two European countries were the main rivals in the Moroccan Crises?
Germany and France.
What was Germany’s policy of seeking greater worldwide influence called?
Weltpolitik
What valuable product did Britain sell in China, contributing to conflict?
Opium.
What term describes strong pride in one’s country that increased imperial competition?
Nationalism.
In which African region did the Fashoda Incident occur in 1898?
Sudan.
What 1904 agreement improved relations between Britain and France?
The Entente Cordiale
Which European country viewed Germany’s growing navy as a major threat?
Britain
What term describes an area where a foreign nation has special trading or political privileges?
A sphere of influence
How did industrialization encourage European imperialism?
The need for raw materials and new markets.
How was the Fashoda Incident resolved?
A diplomatic compromise in which France withdrew its claim to Sudan.
Which German leader challenged French influence in Morocco in 1905?
Kaiser Wilhelm II.
What famous British battleship launched in 1906 changed naval competition?
HMS Dreadnought.
What American policy promoted equal commercial access to China?
The Open Door Policy.
What 1884–1885 meeting established rules for European colonial claims in Africa?
The Berlin Conference.
What valuable resources contributed to British interest in the Boer republics?
Gold and diamonds.
What 1906 international conference largely supported France’s position in Morocco?
The Algeciras Conference
Why did Germany claim it needed a stronger navy?
To protect overseas trade, colonies, and international interests
What anti-foreign uprising occurred in China from 1899 to 1901?
The Boxer Rebellion
Why did imperial expansion increase the risk of war among European powers?
Competition over territory, trade, and national prestige.
What military strategy made the Boer War difficult for Britain?
Guerrilla warfare
What German gunboat was sent to Agadir in 1911, increasing international tension?
The Panther
Why did Britain’s global empire make naval superiority especially important?
To protect sea routes, overseas colonies, and commerce.
How did foreign powers respond to the Boxer Rebellion?
They cooperated militarily to suppress the uprising.