Serfs
What was the main reason cited by serfs for their insubordination in an imperial report?
"The desire for freedom"
What groups of peoples were the Third Section supposed to monitor and collect information on within Russia. (You only have to name two)
2. Persons already under police investigation
3. Exiles and prisoners
4. Suspicious and Harmful Persons
5. All foreigners residing in Russia
There were two main categories of intelligentsia in Imperial Russia. What were those two groups and what did they believe in?
The two main groups were the Slavophiles and the Westernizers. The Slavophiles felt that Russia was unique and its culture and history were worth cherishing and studying. The Westernizers believed that Russia was European and had to "catch up" with the rest of Europe.
What is the most popular type of book in 1802 in Russian society?
The novel.
(Source: Karamzin: "On the Book Trade and the Love for Reading in Russia" p. 413
What was Nikolai Karamzin's opinion on the increase of reading within Russia?
He viewed it as a good for society no matter the type of reading or the material type.
"I do not know how others feel but I am happy as long as people read!"
In "A Report From the Ministry of Internal Affairs on Serf Disorders", how many Serfs are estimated to have fled their estates.
11,000 Serfs
What year was the Third Section officially formed?
1826
The Muscovite was the newspaper for which group of intelligentsia? The Westernizers or the Slaophiles.
The Muscovite was the Slavophile newspaper while Notes of the Fatherland was the Westernizer newspaper.
In 1777 there were two bookstores in Moscow, how many bookstores were operationg in Moscow in 1802
In 1802, Moscow had 20 bookstores.
(Source: Karamzin: "On the Book Trade and the Love for Reading in Russia" p. 413)
What inflamed the Serfs desires to flee from their estates and masters according to "A Report From the Ministry of Internal Affairs on Serf Disorders"?
Rumors were spreading about supposed freedom being imminent.
In Nicholas I speech on serfdom, what two things did Nicholas identify as causing unrest in the Serfs?
Serfs receiving education from their noble masters and noble masters abusing their serfs.
What economic matter was the Third Section supposed to monitor and investigate? (Not including prison maintenance.)
The Third Section was given the task of investigating counterfeit coins, banknotes, documents, and stamps.
What thing did both the Slavophiles and the Westernizers agree about in regards to Russia and its politics and economy?
That Serfdom was a blight on Russia and both agreed it needed to be removed but for different reasons.
Newspapers had become a important vehicle of information in 19th century Russia. However, which economic class did NOT read them according to Nikolai Karamzin?
The Nobles and "comfortably seated people" do not touch newspapers with them being most popular with working class within cities
How does Nicholas I describe serfdom in his speech in 1842?
Nicholas describes serfdom as an evil that is palpable and obvious to everyone.
What age were serf women and serf men supposed to be married at respectively? (The ages are different)
Women were to be married at 20 and men were to be married at 25.
(Source: Landlord's Instructions on Estate Administration)
What were the 5 main categories of state that the various ministries were supposed to administer?
1. Foreign Relations
2. Maintenance of Defense
3. State Economy
4. Maintenance of Civil and Criminal Courts
5. Maintenance of Internal Security
He came to his intellectual opponents house in the middle of night, woke him up, and embraced him, to say one last goodbye as he could no longer interact with someone who disagreed with him even though he deeply liked and respected him.
What was one way that is described that people who were illiterate would learn the news in Moscow.
Towards the end of the the reign of Nicholas I how was the Imperial Bureaucracy viewed by the gentry.
Which age group accounted for half of a peasant commune's population?
Individuals 17 years old or younger.
Source: "The Peasant Commune" by Steven L. Hoch p.297
The Third Section's 8th directive states that the Third Section will "Report on [Blank] events, without exception." What type of events was the Third Section supposed to report on?
Literally "all" events.
In the second quarter of the 19th century, russian intellectual life was dominated by "kruzhki". What was a "kruzhki"?
A "kruzhki" was a circle of intellectual counterparts. These often formed or met in salons where individuals inside of them could talk about ideas freely with other trusted individuals.
Even after the Decembrists had been exiled to remote places in Siberia, what set them apart from their local counterparts?
The Decembrists continued to hold cosmoolitan and educated talks as if they were still in a salon in Moscow or St. Petersburg.
What other activities were members of the The Constitution of Union of Welfare expected to partake in besides visiting salons and partaking in philosophical debates.
In general philanthropy for the poor including education. justice, and helping with the national economy.