Imperialism
Europeans’ belief in their cultural superiority helped them justify imperialistic actions because they thought
spreading European culture to other nations helped the less advanced.
When Europeans first began to explore Africa, what did they find?
a great diversity of cultures
What was one effect of industrialization?
Nations needed more raw materials.
What did British merchants realize they could profit from during the 1700s?
Trading opium grown in India for Chinese tea.
What was the central idea behind Social Darwinism?
Society should be based on competition, with the most successful individuals and nations rising to the top.
What was one of the consequences of the European partition of Africa after the Berlin Conference?
African ethnic groups and traditional settlement patterns were ignored by European powers when drawing borders.
In what way did imperialism hurt rather than help European nations?
It kept nations from cooperating to achieve shared goals.
What product did Britain continue to export despite objections by the Chinese government?
opium
The British established the East India Company to acquire
spices and other goods found in Asia.
What was the main reason imperial nations built large naval forces?
to protect their economic interests
Which is not an abundant natural resource found in Africa?
coal
What was one of the major economic benefits of the Panama Canal?
It made it easier and cheaper to trade between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
China was easily defeated by the British in the first Opium War because
China’s navy was no match for Britain’s advanced weaponry.
During Imperialism, Europe did not need large numbers of people to control colonies because of
improved transportation, communication, and other advantages.
Why was Ethiopia able to resist Italian colonialism in 1896, while many other African nations were colonized?
Menelik II had modernized Ethiopia’s military and infrastructure, making it capable of resisting foreign invasion.
Which is a true statement about the Open Door policy?
All nations should have equal access to ports of trade.
What was the Opium War of 1839 about?
A conflict between China and Britain over the British refusal to stop the opium trade.
What advantages did imperial powers seek in the territories they colonized?
Control over valuable trade routes, military bases, and regions of political significance.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Adowa in 1896?
Ethiopian forces successfully repelled the Italian invaders, preserving their independence.
What was the main goal of education promoted by colonial officials and missionaries in the colonies?
To educate indigenous populations in Western-style schools, often focusing on Christian teachings and European customs.