Roots of Imperialism
The policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially.
Imperialism
This Belgian King personally controlled the Congo and was known for the brutal treatment of its people.
King Leopold II
The nickname given to India because it was the most valuable of all British colonies.
"Jewel in the Crown"
This addictive product was smuggled into China by the British to create a favorable balance of trade.
Opium
The military dictatorship that ruled Japan before the Meiji Era began.
Tokugawa Shogunate
This 1884–1885 meeting of 14 European nations laid down rules for the division of Africa.
Berlin Conference
The term for the frantic competition among European powers to claim African territory.
Scramble for Africa
Indian soldiers who served in the British East India Company's army.
Sepoy
The 1900 revolt where Chinese nationalists attacked foreigners and Christians in Beijing.
Boxer Rebellion
This era, meaning "Enlightened Rule," saw Japan rapidly modernize and industrialize.
Meiji Era
The belief that one race is superior to others, often used by Europeans to justify their expansion.
Racism
This type of imperialism involves a territory governed internally by a foreign power.
Colony
The British rule over India from 1757 until 1947.
Raj
The U.S. policy that proposed China's "doors" be open to merchants of all nations.
Sphere of Influence
The 1854 agreement that opened two Japanese ports to U.S. ships.
Treaty of Kanagawa
This social theory applied Charles Darwin's ideas about "survival of the fittest" to human societies.
Social Darwinism
He was the Emperor of Ethiopia who successfully defeated the Italians and maintained his country's independence.
Menelik II
This 1857 uprising began after rumors spread that rifle cartridges were greased with beef and pork fat.
Sepoy Mutiny / Rebellion
The U.S. policy that proposed China's "doors" be open to merchants of all nations.
Open Door Notes
Japan became the first Asian nation to defeat a European power in this 1904–1905 conflict.
Russo-Japanese War
The title of Rudyard Kipling’s poem that suggested Europeans had a moral obligation to "civilize" non-whites.
White Man’s Burden
A policy in which a nation forces or encourages a subject people to adopt its institutions and customs.
Assimilation
As a result of the Sepoy Mutiny, the British government took this type of control over India (shifting away from company rule).
Direct Rule (The Raj)
These "rights" exempted foreigners from Chinese law at several Chinese ports.
Extraterritorial Rights
The act of adding a territory to an existing political unit, which Japan did to Korea in 1910.
Annexation