Vocabulary
__________ are people of mixed European and Native American backgrounds.
Mestizos
Latin America starts with ___________ and ends with ______________
Mexico, Argentina
The Spanish-American War was fought for the independence of __________.
Cuba
Juan Vicente Gomez was a caudillo who ruled over what country?
Venezuela
When the United States actually start enforcing the Monroe Doctrine?
1823
Define caudillo
military dictator
Many new Latin American governments took over lands owned by who?
a. Native peoples
b. Catholic Church
c. Wealthy people
d. Both a and b
e. Both a and c
d. Both a and b
In 1903, Panama was a province of __________.
Colombia
U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt wanted to build __________ in Panama
a canal
President James Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine. What did the document state?
The Monroe Doctrine stated that the American continents could no longer be considered as subjects for colonization by European countries.
Who were peninsulares?
those of pure blood and white Spanish descent who lived in the colonies but had been born in Spain
Latin America had an uneven distribution of wealth since colonial times. This means that the majority of the population was ___________.
a. wealthy
b. poor
c. rich
d.middle class
b. poor
Which bodies of water were linked by the Panama Canal?
Pacific and Atlantic Ocean
Domingo Sarmiento was an Argentinian president who believed in reform. What is an important contribution Sarmiento made to Argentina?
He made strong commitments to improving education. Under his presidency, the number of students in Argentina doubled.
Identify at least THREE countries in which the US sent military forces.
a. US
b. Mexico
c. Guatemala
d. Honduras
e. Nicaragua
f. Panama
g. Colombia
h. Cuba
i. Haiti
j. Dominican Republic
b. Mexico
d. Honduras
e. Nicaragua
f. Panama
h. Cuba
i. Haiti
j. Dominican Republic
Latin America is culturally diverse. What does culturally diverse mean?
the presence and coexistence of multiple cultures and backgrounds
During 19th century Latin America, who owned property or could read?
Few members of the upper and middle classes who owned property or could read.
After the Spanish-American War, Spain turned over the last of its colonies. Identify the THREE colonies that became U.S. territories.
1. Puerto Rico
2. Guam
3. The Philippines
Jose Marti was a writer who was exiled from Cuba. What did he do when he returned to Cuba?
He launched a second war for Cuban independence
Explain TWO reasons why the United States joined the Cuban war for independence.
1. The US had an economic stake in the fate of the country. The US wanted to protect their business.
2. The US objected to Spain's brutality towards many Cuban civilians.
3. The US wanted European imperialism out of the Americas
What is the difference between peonage and slavery?
Peonage is forced labor where people are forced to work off a debt while slavery is where people are owned as property
What invention helped increase Latin America's exports? Why?
1. refrigeration
2. Latin America was able to keep beef, fruits, vegetables, and other perishable goods fresh which resulted in an increase in the sale of these goods.
Latin American countries borrowed money at high interest rates to develop facilities for their export industry from which countries? (Identify at least 2 countries)
1. Great Britain
2. France
3. The United States
4. Germany
U.S. President Roosevelt issued an extension to the Monroe Doctrine, called the Roosevelt Corollary. What right did the Roosevelt Corollary give the United States?
The right to be "an international police power" in the Western Hemisphere
What challenges did American workers face while building the massive waterway?
- Floods
- Withering heat
- Mosquitoes carrying yellow fever and malaria
- Rats that carried the Bubonic plague