Vocabulary
Geography
Timeline
Cause
Effect
100
This last ruling dynasty of China tried to limit trade with western nations, but was unsuccessful.
Qing
100
In which country did the British arranged with the Boers for a white-only ruling class, which led to apartheid, meaning “separateness”, a policy that segregated non-whites and granted virtually no civil rights?
South Africa
100
This important addition to trade routes was built between 1903-1914 under US control.
Panama Canal
100
Why did Japan decide to westernize their country instead of remaining isolated?
So that they could defend themselves from the west.
100
How did the Suez Canal help Great Britain?
They had financial control over it for sometime, and therefore benefitted from trade going through the canal.
200
The process of European countries trying to quickly claim land in Africa was known as:
the scramble for Africa
200
This Asian nation learned from the mistakes of their neighbors; studied and copied the strengths of the imperialist nations in order to keep them out.
Japan
200
Otto von Bismarck led this international event in 1884 to discuss boundaries and create rules for claiming territories in Africa, in order to prevent war between European countries.
Berlin Conference
200
List at least four of the five main reasons for imperialism:
economic, ethnocentrism, exploratory, political, religious
200
How were people in the Congo affected by Belgian rule?
The Belgian Congo is known for its extreme brutality in search of profit.
Congolese were kidnapped and forced to collect rubber, high up in the trees
Those who didn’t collect enough were killed or tortured (or their family members)
Around 8 million people died
Many others were tortured and maimed
300
Explain the idea of manifest destiny.
Belief that white Americans had a duty to take civilization westward by settling western lands
300
Explain the idea behind the Monroe Doctrine.
Following colonial independence in the Americas, the US gave the message to European powers that the ‘New World’ was US territory to ‘influence’ and that they should keep out.
300
This group of Dutch people arrived in South Africa in 1652 and set up a colony.
Boers
300
How did imperialism help European countries economically? List three ways:
Cheaper labor
Natural resources
New markets
300
What led to the Sepoy Rebellion, and how did it affect the form of government in India?
Indian soldiers revolted when they were told to open fat-covered cartridges with their mouths. Britain defeated them, and in 1858 British parliament took direct control of India from the East India Company. Mughal rulers were sent into exile, and in 1877 Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India.
400
Compare and contrast colonialism and imperialism. How were they similar? Different?
400
Compare and contrast Old Imperialism and New Imperialism by identifying the areas of the world where they took place.
Old Imperialism - Colonization of and trade with the Americas
New Imperialism - Colonization of and European influence in Africa, Asia, and Oceania
400
This short conflict happened in 1898 and gave the US control over Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
Spanish-American War
400
How did the Industrial Revolution lead to increased imperialism?
The Industrial Revolution brought in the new technology, communication, science, transportation, and industry, giving Europe an advantage when seeking new colonies.
Industrialization made Europeans desire:
more raw materials
markets for their manufactured goods
places to invest their capital for higher rates of return
400
List and explain at least three effects of westward expansion in the United States.
1. Indigeouns people were displaced (sometimes multiple times).
2. The US gained access to trade in the Pacific.
3. The US gained access to more natural resources.
4. Expansion led to conflicts over territory claims, which usually ended in more territory for the US.
500
Explain what the Meiji Revolt/Restoration was, where it took place, and what it accomplished.
A powerful group of samurai overthrew the Shogun; they felt the foreigners were attacking the traditional ways and values of Japan. Reinstated the Emperor as the ruler, and began to emerge from feudalism into a unified modern state.
“Revere the Emperor – Expel the Barbarian!”
Although they wanted foreigners out, they had their own Japanese westernization in order to defend themselves; copied the industrial revolution and became a strong power in half a century.
500
Which two rebellions in China during the 1800s led to the end of the Qing dynasty? Describe what each of these rebellions was known for.
Taiping Rebellion - a religious and political group called the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom tried to take control of the government; most devastating peasant revolt in history
Boxer Rebellion - Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists led an uprising from 1899-1901 against foreign influence in China. They used guerilla warfare tactics and slaughtered Christian missionaries and seized foreign embassies. They attacked foreigners throughout China. The militia members believed that European weapons couldn’t harm them. 140,000 Boxers were crushed by the coalition of European, Japanese, and American forces.
500
What happened in 1853 that changed Japan's future?
Commodore Matthew Perry (USA) arrived on a steamboat (warship) with demands to open trade, and Japan realized quickly that they needed to modernize.
500
How did the ideas of ethnocentrism help to justify imperialism?
Imperial nations believed that they were somehow superior to other nations or ethnic groups.
Social Darwinists applied evolution to the social order.
Their ideas of racial superiority gave Europeans the conviction that natural laws destined them to lead “the civilizing mission.”
Europeans (and Americans) would repeatedly suggest that they had evolved more than Africans and Asians, which allowed them the right to rule others.
500
Explain three ways that imperialism helped a nation politically.
Patriotism/nationalism
Politicians and leaders hoped that possession of colonies would unite the nation with pride and end political instability in certain areas.
Especially important to newly unified countries such as Germany and Italy
Power
Many of the areas claimed by Europeans and Americans were not profitable sources of raw materials or good markets
The number of conquered square kilometers gave a nation power
Reduce threat
greater presence in more areas protected countries from the threat of other ambitious governments
More resources
Larger armies