Africa
This country controlled the largest portion of Africa during the "Scramble for Africa"
Great Britain
This European country controlled India, the "jewel in the crown" of its empire, throughout the 19th century
Great Britain
In the late 19th century, Korea became the target of imperial ambitions by both Japan and China, with this country ultimately gaining control of Korea in 1910
Japan
The rise of this ideology led many colonized territories to push for self-determination and an end to colonial rule
nationalism
This is the name for a territory controlled by another country
Colony
This country controlled the Congo and exploitation, forced labor, and brutality caused the death of millions
Belgium
This nonviolent method of protest, used by Gandhi in the fight for independence, involves refusing to obey unjust laws or authorities
Civil disobedience
This Southeast Asian country was colonized by France in the 19th century and was known as French Indochina
This 1930 protest, led by Gandhi, involved walking 240 miles to the sea to make salt, challenging British salt taxes
The Salt March
This process involved Western schooling and was responsible for the breakdown indigenous practices
assimilation
In 1884-1885, this event took place in Berlin and set the ground rules for the division of Africa among European powers
The Berlin Conference
Before becoming a leader in the Indian independence movement, Gandhi worked as a lawyer in this country, where he began his activism for civil rights
South Africa
This country was colonized by Spain in the late 19th century, and later became a colony of the United States after the Spanish-American War
Philippines
This famous Zulu leader resisted British colonization in southern Africa during the 19th century
Shaka Zulu
Because Western powers divided land on these types of boundaries, social tensions and political instability have remained high in colonized areas until the modern period
arbitrary or artificial
This first country to begin colonizing Africa did so by opening trading outposts that eventually led to the Atlantic Slave Trade
Portugal
Britain's control of India’s railroad system during colonial rule allowed it to easily move troops and resources. By 1900, India had the world’s fourth-largest network of these
Railroads
This form of forced labor was often used in Eastern Asia on the large plantations there
indentured servitude
This rebellion began after news that the British had used animal fat on gun cartridges, causing Indian troops of the British army to rebel against Great Britain
This term refers to the belief that it was the duty of European powers to "civilize" African people and spread Christianity, often used to justify imperialism
The White Man's Burden
This war, fought between the British and the Boers in South Africa from 1899 to 1902, was partly about control of rich resources like gold and diamonds
The Boer War
The British used this system of local rulers and princes to govern parts of India while maintaining British control
Indirect rule
This Japanese policy of modernization and industrialization, which began in the 1860s, helped Japan become a major imperial power by the early 20th century
The Meiji Restoration
This African kingdom, led by King Menelik II, successfully defeated an Italian invasion at the Battle of Adwa in 1896
Ethiopia
Using the theories of Charles Darwin, this ideology was used to justify racism scientifically
Social Darwinism