Imperialist America

Imperialism

100

What did Admiral Mahan urge the United States to do to protect its interests?

to build up American naval power in order to compete with other powerful nations

200

How was economics a source of American Imperialism

thirst for new markets. Now the United States needed raw materials for its factories and new markets for its agricultural and manufactured goods. Imperialists viewed foreign trade as the solution to American overproduction and the related problems of unemployment and economic depression.

300

What was the goal of Queen Liliuokalani?

“Hawaii for Hawaiians” agenda.

400

How did racism factor into the United States imperialistic attitude?

belief in cultural superiority Some Americans combined the philosophy of Social Darwinism—a belief that free-market competition would lead to the survival of the fittest—with a belief in the racial superiority of Anglo-Saxons. They argued that the United States had a responsibility to spread Christianity and “civilization” to the world’s “inferior peoples.”

500

How did the United States gain control of Hawaii?

Business groups — encouraged by Ambassador John L. Stevens—organized a revolution. With the help of marines, they overthrew the queen and set up a government headed by Sanford B. Dole. On August 12, 1898, Congress proclaimed Hawaii an American territory, although Hawaiians had never had the chance to vote.

Spanish-American War

100

T/F The American warship Maine was blown up by a Spanish mine

False

200

The Treaty of Paris of 1898, which formally ended the Spanish-American War, granted independence to

Cuba

300

What did General Valeriano Weyler do in Cuba which upset Americans?

Weyler tried to crush the rebellion by herding the entire rural population of central and western Cuba into barbedwire concentration camps. Here civilians could not give aid to rebels. An estimated 300,000 Cubans filled these camps, where thousands died from hunger and disease

400

What did the CUban poet and journalist José Martí do to bring the U.S. into the war?

In exile in New York, he launched a revolution in 1895. Martí organized Cuban resistance against Spain, using an active guerrilla campaign and deliberately destroying property. He provoked U.S. intervention by deliberately destroying American-owned sugar mills and plantations.

500

In the Treaty of Paris what happened to Cuba: Puerto Rico: Guam: Philippine Islands:

Cuba: Achieved independence from Spain Puerto Rico: Went from Spanish to American rule Guam: Went from Spanish to American rule Philippine Islands: Sold by Spain to the U.S.; annexed by the U.S.

Empire

100

Who were the Boxers?

A secret society known as the "Righteous and Harmonious Fists." Called boxers by westerners because they practiced a ritual form of Chinese boxing, the rebels claimed to possess superhuman powers. They were dedicated to driving the foreigners out of Chin and the Boxers were violently anti-Christian

200

Why did the Philippine–American War happen?

Emilio Aguinaldo had fought with the Americans during the Spanish American War and believed that the United States had promised independence. When that did not happen he started a revolt and used guerrilla tactics.

300

What was the Platt Amendment (2 items)?

• Cuba could not make treaties that might limit its independence or permit a foreign power to control any part of its territory • The United States reserved the right to intervene in Cuba • Cuba was not to go into debt • The United States could buy or lease land on the island for naval station and refueling statio

400

What were the Open Door Notes and why did America beleive it needed them (1 item)?

The notes were letters addressed to the leaders of imperialist nations proposing that the nations share their trading rights with the United States, thus creating an open door. This meant that no single nation would have a monopoly on trade with any part of China. 1. The U.S. economy relied on exports to ensure growth. 2. The U.S. had the right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open to it. 3. U.S. survival was threatened by the closing of an area to American products, citizens, or ideas.

500

How did the U.S. gain control of the Panama Canal?

The U.S. bought the French rights and then worked with the French to support a revolution in Panama against the Columbian government. The U.S. did this by stationing warships near Panama and then making a deal with the ne government.

World Power

100

Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 for negotiating peace between

Russia and Japan

200

What was the Roosevelt Corollary?

In effect, the corollary said that the United States would now use force to protect its economic interests in Latin America.

300

Why did the United States end its pursuit of Pancho Villa?

The United States, facing war in Europe, needed peace on its southern border.

400

What was dollar diplomacy?

The Taft administration followed the policy of using the U.S. government to guarantee loans made to foreign countries by American businesspeople. This policy was called dollar diplomacy by its critics and was often used to justify keeping European powers out of the Caribbean.

500

What actions damaged United States relations with Latin America and why?

The Panama Revolution and the Canal Zone Dollar diplomacy and intervention in governments Sending troops into Mexico Anti-American feeling in many countries intensified as they did not trust the U.S. Mexico nationalized oil and mineral resources and adopts stricter regulations on foreign investors U.S. intervention in Mexican affairs provided a clear model of American imperialist attitudes in the early years of the 20th century. Americans believed in the superiority of free-enterprise democracy, and the American government attempted to extend the reach of this economic and political system, even through armed intervention.

Spanish-American War II

100

The battleship Maine was sent to Havana to

evacuate Americans if necessary

200

How did American business people impact the possibility of war?

Urged U.S. intervention to protect the considerable American business interests in Cuba. In 1854, diplomats recommended to President Franklin Pierce that the United States buy Cuba from Spain. The Spanish responded by saying that they would rather see Cuba sunk in the ocean.

300

Theodore Roosevelt commanded what group and he was the hero of ______________?

Rough Riders and San Juan

400

What did the newspapers say about the USS Maine?

American newspapers claimed the Spanish had blown up the ship. The Journal’s headline read “The warship Maine was split in two by an enemy’s secret infernal machine.” Hearst’s paper offered a reward of $50,000 for the capture of the Spaniards who supposedly had committed the outrage

500

How did yellow journalism help bring about the war?

Encouraged the American public to sympathize with Cuban rebels and to call for war To lure readers, Hearst’s New York Journal and Pulitzer’s New York World printed exaggerated accounts—by reporters such as James Creelman—of “Butcher” Weyler’s brutality. Stories of poisoned wells and of children being thrown to the sharks deepened American sympathy for the rebels. This sensational style of writing, fanned war fever. When Hearst sent the gifted artist Frederic Remington to Cuba to draw sketches of reporters’ stories, Remington informed the publisher that a war between the United States and Spain seemed very unlikely. Hearst reportedly replied, “You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war.”