Training types
What are the 3 aerobic training types for THIS UNIT?
continuous, fartlek, long interval
what are the initial planning considerations?
performance and fitness
Schedules of events/competitions
Climate and season
protective equipment
Climate and environmental conditions
General equipment (goal posts, bats, javelins)
Injury prevention (warmup and cooldown)
What are the two drugs used for strength?
humna growth hormone
anabolic steroids
What is an example of biomechanical analysis?
GPS
three dimensional motion analysis
**specify specific adaptation and away to measure it
Increased speed - 40m sprint test
Increased agility - T test
Increased power - max vertical jump
What needs to be taken into account when planning a training year?
phases of competition
subphases
peaking
tapering
sports specific subphases
What are the two physiological indicators of an overtrained athlete?
Injury, lethargy
Wha are the dangers of performance enhancing drugs?
Health risks - heart, kidney and liver failure, potential blood clotting and stroke, infertility
Loss of reputation - affects sporting reputation and personal relationships
Loss of income and sponsorship; can create economic strain
How can lactate threshold testing improve performance?
Helps athletes identify their LIP so they can train on or close to it - helps push back the threshold to perform at higher efforts for a longer period of time
What is a way to measure and monitor progress for aerobic training?
**specify and adaptation and a way to measure its changed
Increased VO2 max - VO2 max testing
Decreased heart rate - heart rate monitor or smartwatch
How does schedule of events/competition impact planning for a training a training year?
Volume and intensity needs to be adjusted accordingly
- sports with weekly matches like soccer require athletes to taper towards the end of the weak prior to the match
- in sports like swimming athletes only need to be peaking a few times a year
How can coaches prevent ovetraining in athletes?
Use a periodisation chart to ensure they get adequate recovery time
Adjust intensity and duration of sessions
Don't overload every session, have recovery sessions or skills/conditioning sessions
What are the benefits and potential harms of taking anabolic steroids?
Produces masculine characteristics like strength, power and speed
Can cause infertility, manic episodes, high cholesterols, Liver damage
What are 2 benefits of biomechanical analysis?
improved technique
Reduced risk of injury
improves visualisation
Helps analyse strategy
What are plyometrics
exercises where the muscle is lengthened in an eccentric contraction that is rapidly followed by a concetric contraction
- helps convert strenght to power, typically body weight
What are the indicators that someone is peaking?
state of excellent health
heightened rate of recovery
increased self-confidence
mental alertness
What are important features of skill instruction?
brief
Clear
demonstrable
specific to game and required skill
What are 2 benefits and limitations of drug testing
Benefits; creates a fair playing field, protects the integrity of the sport, awards athletes on natural ability
Limitations; expensive, the process can be confronting, athletes have to keep up to date themselves
identify 2 positives and 2 negatives of using technology in sport
positives; improves movement efficiency, enhances athletes natural ability, use of video analysis can help increase fairness
negatives; inequity of access, equipment is expensive, rewarda athletes on wealth
Aerobic safe; proper warmup and cool down, gradual progression
Aerobic harmful; overtraining, rapid progressive overload, no warmup
Anaerobic safe; medical clearance, warmup and cooldown
Anaerobic hamrful; no warmup and cool down, improper form, exercising pregnant, no medical clearance
How can sports specific subphases be used in a specific sport to improve performance?
Example: soccer
Subphases are used to target specific weak areas in individuals or to develop skills specific to their position
Wingers may spend a mesocycle focusing on increasing speed and acceleration
During preseason a midfielder may focus more on endurance than strength compared to a defender
Before skill practice - depletes energy levels, recreates wokring under fatigued conditions
During skill practice; recreates the demands of the game, helps develop game fitness
After; idk free pass guys
What is the drug used for aerobic performance and what specifically does it do?
Erythroprotein - increases the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood cells
What is a specific example or equipment advances in swimsuits? + must include why the equipment is effective
Speedo LZR racer suit
Fabric to reduce drag to a minimum
Streamlined shape to help swimmer hold their position better